Light and Dark in Heart of Darkness Essay -- Heart Darkness essays

Light and ignominious in kindling of Darkness The brightest of lights deal obscure vision sequence injustice can contain veritys one must not be distracted by the sheen of light, which conceals the deeper reality gratuity in vestige. Joseph Conrads romance warmness of Darkness illustrates this thought process with the use of several symbols. White Europeans are used as symbols of self-deception, and objects with an alabaster quality are symbols of barriers to inner truth. Black is the foil of uninfected it represents the inner truth beneath the ovalbumin surface reality. White people and objects represent the exterior reality that obscures the deeper truth present in darkness. The Europeans in the novel represent those who hide from the truth within them and within reality. In Conrads novel, most Europeans are portrayed as self-deceptive they use societal customs to obscure the darkness and emptiness present within their souls. The chief accountant exempli fies the self-deceptive European. Marlow gives his impression of the accountant in this excerpt, I took him the accountant for a sort of vision. I saw a exalted starched collar, white cuffs, a light alpaca jacket... He was amazing (Conrad 84). The accountant later stated, The groans of this sick person distract my attention from his work (Conrad 85). The accountant is so refer on maintaining a proper European image and European work ethic that he impressed Marlow, but the accountant showed no compassion for his oath man. The accountants appearance belied the darkness in his soul. Similar to the accountant, the General Manager maintained an aura of white civilization to hide the emptiness and darkness that existed beneath his white surface. The manager remunerative proper ... ...ists within every human soul. Conrad used the contrasting images of white and black to illustrate his view that evil exists within us all. Light, which relates to civilization and its practic es, helps to check off and hide the dark truth within us, but that black truth of human nature will always remain. Sources Consulted Conrad, Joseph. Norton Critical Editions effect of Darkness. Ed. Robert Kimbrough. New York W. W. Norton, 1963. 3-79. Gekoski, R. A.. Heart of Darkness. Modern Critical Interpretation Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness. Ed. Harold Bloom. New York Chelsea family unit Publishers, 1987. 57-76. Said, Edward W The Past and the Present Conrads Shorter Fiction. Modern Critical Views Joseph Conrad. Ed. Harold Bloom. New York Chelsea House Publishers, 1986. 29-52. Light and Dark in Heart of Darkness Essay -- Heart Darkness essaysLight and Dark in Heart of Darkness The brightest of lights can obscure vision while darkness can contain truths one must not be distracted by the sheen of light, which conceals the deeper reality present in darkness. Joseph Conrads novel Heart of Darkness illustrates this idea with the use of se veral symbols. White Europeans are used as symbols of self-deception, and objects with an alabaster quality are symbols of barriers to inner truth. Black is the foil of white it represents the inner truth beneath the white surface reality. White people and objects represent the exterior reality that obscures the deeper truth present in darkness. The Europeans in the novel represent those who hide from the truth within them and within reality. In Conrads novel, most Europeans are portrayed as self-deceptive they use societal customs to obscure the darkness and emptiness present within their souls. The chief accountant exemplifies the self-deceptive European. Marlow gives his impression of the accountant in this excerpt, I took him the accountant for a sort of vision. I saw a high starched collar, white cuffs, a light alpaca jacket... He was amazing (Conrad 84). The accountant later stated, The groans of this sick person distract my attention from his work (Conrad 85). T he accountant is so centered on maintaining a proper European image and European work ethic that he impressed Marlow, but the accountant showed no compassion for his fellow man. The accountants appearance belied the darkness in his soul. Similar to the accountant, the General Manager maintained an aura of white civilization to hide the emptiness and darkness that existed beneath his white surface. The manager paid proper ... ...ists within every human soul. Conrad used the contrasting images of white and black to illustrate his view that evil exists within us all. Light, which relates to civilization and its practices, helps to control and hide the dark truth within us, but that black truth of human nature will always remain. Sources Consulted Conrad, Joseph. Norton Critical Editions Heart of Darkness. Ed. Robert Kimbrough. New York W. W. Norton, 1963. 3-79. Gekoski, R. A.. Heart of Darkness. Modern Critical Interpretation Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness. Ed. Ha rold Bloom. New York Chelsea House Publishers, 1987. 57-76. Said, Edward W The Past and the Present Conrads Shorter Fiction. Modern Critical Views Joseph Conrad. Ed. Harold Bloom. New York Chelsea House Publishers, 1986. 29-52.

Tales of Ise and The Tosa Diary Essay -- Literary Analysis

As seen in examples of monogatari such as Tales of Ise or nikki with The Tosa Diary, poetry is a very much used tool in the writings. enchantment other examples of the two writing styles use poetry, these two examples best demonstrate the breaks in the writing style changes from a narrative and turns into something that takes on a much personal voice when it clearly goes into its poetic style. These poesys are made to compliment the setting, such as in a poem credited to the former regulator in The Tosa Diary where there is a description of the waves as they illustrate the governors sadness as he leaves Kyoto (83). Another point seen from this poem is that the governor is meant to be very good at constructing his poems and with it comes an example of a good poem as opposed to something that a commoner would have to write. Likewise, in the tenth of the Tales of Ise there are poems describing the love a man has for a woman while he is also comparing the physical setting, such as th e mountains. There are comparisons to Mt. Fuji and Mt. Utsu while they represent the waiting for his love or the beautiful vision that the man sees in his dreams with his love respectively (75-6). much(prenominal) images of the scenery as seen alongside the desires or longing of those who write the poems are examples of how the poems are used to strengthen the narrative prose. Without the poems, the narrative prose in either the monogatari or the nikki would simply be a story and the significance would be lessened as there would not be the personal impact emanating from the characters and their feelings since a ref would only be able to read the description of the events and not get a feel of the thoughts from any of the characters.In the very deep illustrations of the... ...d to be a woman in the company of the boat. The significance lies in the possibility that with the different types of poetry in the narrative, the governor presents examples of the types of poems that should be written by different peck coming from different classes.Looking back at the narratives and the significance of the poems in them is that many of the poems are inspired by nature around the authors. Also, the poems provide more of the voice of the authors instead of just the voice of the narrator and helps present the emotional tones of the characters in the narratives to the reader so that there can be more of a connection to it when it is being read. The poems make for a simple addition to the narrative and allows for a much more meaningful experience for a reader and makes for a much more engrossing story, thus adding to the to experience as a whole.

The Clouds by Aristophanes Essay examples -- Classical Greek Literatur

The Clouds by Aristophanes - Relevant in Todays WorldThe Clouds by Aristophanes, is a play centrally concernedwith education. Aristophanes employs satire to illustrate hisconservative beliefs. It is intended to repoint readers that in thetendency to philosophical subtleties lies the neglection of thereal needs of the Athenians. According to Aristophanes,philosophical surmise only acts to shake the establishedfoundations of accepted religion, gods, and ideals of morality.Specifically, as it was even discused in The Apology,Aristophanes desired that philosophical attitudes held by theSophists enabled those who held them to convince others of wrongor weaker beliefs simply by sounding as if they knew what theywere talking about -- when in reality they didnt. It seems asif Aristophanes would authorize of an education based souly aroundthe reading of clasiscal literature and some physical excersize.I believe the fact that Athenian youth were starting to askquestions of the elders in th e city really botheredAristophanes. I think he really thought it to be dangerous anddetrimental to society as shadow be seen through the lineStrepsiades yells towards the end, revenge for the injured gods(II.i.1506). I believe Aristophanes to be part of the groupthat accused Socrates of not accepting the recognized gods ofstate, which many believed to be a part of the corruption ofAthenian youth. While I dont agree with that accusation --primarily because of Socrates recognition of Apollo through theOracle at Delphi -- I roll in the hay see some Aristophanes points ofcontention with what he thought the Sophists and otherphilsophers stood for.The Clouds, who form the chorus in Aristophanes play, are aphysical representation of the philosophical speculation thatAristophanes speaks of. According to Aristophanes, thesespeculations do not come from a grounded sense of experience,but rather float about without definite framework andactualization, simply in the estate of possibility. I found itinteresting that Aristophanes chose to illustrate this metaphorbetween the clouds and the Sophists beliefs into a literalrepresentation. He furthered this illustration by choosing tobring Socrates on his first bearing floating in on a basketdown to the stage.Another aspect I find interesting in Aristoph... ...Essentially, I think that The Clouds, disregard be a piece ofclassical Greek literature applicable to our own modern world.If we do not take the time to examine practices and beliefs,they puddle the potential to lose the weight and value that theywere once based or formed on. While Aristophanes aimed atentertaining his audience through comedic satire, he similarly had avery serious warning -- that ended up holding true -- for thepeople of Athens. A nation too proud and too original in its ownbeliefs and politics, has proven through history, never to work.Sadly, while I believe the United States is a great nation withmoral goals and hopes, I believe we exemplify so me of theproblems that the Athenian state suffered from, and eventuallydied from. We often times refuse to examine our beliefs. Weautomatically view them as the best, or the most moral. Thiscan be seen in our current struggle. If we constantlyleave our borders to try and convince others around the world thatAmerican knows best, were doomed for failure. As exemplified inThe Clouds, we then give out the ones throwing stones at peoplewe dont agree with -- a fate almost worse than death.

Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet - Friar Laurence Essay -- Romeo Juliet

Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet - beggar LaurenceFriar Laurence plays a most intriguing percentage in Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet. He is a priest, and a friend to Romeo. With the absence of Montague parental scenes, Friar Laurence also becomes like a surrogate father to Romeo. Romeo seeks him away to marry him and Juliet, obviously assuming that the friar would without parental permission. The friar greets him and addresses Romeos past love. He even tells Romeo that he mistook what he felt for Rosaline as love when it was not, and then not be too haste, They stumble that run fast (2.2.94). Therefore, not only has Romeo discussed matters of the heart with the friar, but also the friar himself feels in the position to be able to speak with Romeo on a more personal level. Friar Laurence doubts Romeos professed love to Juliet and compares it to what Romeo himself swore he felt for Rosaline, Young mens love then lies/ not truly in their hearts, but in their eyes (2.2.67-8). Bluntly, yet fatherly, he corrects Romeos claim of love by saying (in reference to Rosaline), For doting, not for loving, pupil mine (2.2.82). Still, he agrees to marry Romeo and Juliet without thinking twice. In fact, his greater preoccupation is not whether or not they truly do love each other, but how their love could end the feud between their families, as he states, For this alliance may so happy prove/ To turn your households rancour to pure love (2.2.91-2). Friar Laurence also doubts Juliets love for Romeo. Before she even enters the scene the Friar notes that moderate love is best because it does not overwhelm or become consumed by itself as a rash love would (2.5.10-15). Ironically enough Juliet enters the scene somewhat fast (... ...ave to face responsibility for his death. Thus, he leaves Juliet alone in a leap filled with dead ancestors, as well as recently dead Romeo and Paris, and she kills herself. This is not say that Friar Laurence does not feel responsible for Romeo and Juliets deaths, he recounts his bosh to the Prince and offer his life as a sacrifice if their deaths are his fault (5.3.228-68). In every step of deceiving Romeo and Juliets parents, the government, and everyone who thought Juliet to be dead, Friar Laurence was attempting to end a great feud between two families, help Juliet keep her marriage vows (by helping her out of marrying Paris), keeping Juliet alive, keeping Romeo safe from imprisonment or death, and ultimately, defend the lovers love from outside influences. He sees his acts as acts that are working for the greater good, and therefore they are just.

Growing Up With Greek Literature Essay -- Greece Mythology Essays

Growing Up With classical LiteratureSay Greek Tragedy to an English major and youre likely to elicit a groan, or even perhaps a screech of terror. For me however, Greek tragedy, as well as Greek mythology, has always fascinated me. When I was littleer, the Greek gods always captured my interest, and I could never get enough of them. As I grew older, I became interested in the much refined aspects that Greek lit had to offer. Sophocles and The Three Theban Plays in particular, left me awestruck. I quickly began to realize that many of the new and inventive books and movies I had seen, had actually been written in single form or another, generations ago.I suppose my interest was first piqued when my father brought home the movie Hercules in the early 80s. As a juvenile boy, I was entranced by the idea of a god-like man, with superhuman powers, doing remarkable things on earth. Of course, my knowledge of Greek gods and goddesses was limited, but watching Hercules fight myth ical creatures and effect heroic acts was all it took to get my young mind interested. While other kids read comic books about Superman and Spiderman, I delved into the world of Greek mythology. I was entranced by the idea that people believed that gods actually played a first hand role in peoples lives. Unlike superheroes in the comic books, which I knew from an early age didnt really exist, these Greek gods were an everyday way of life centuries ago. Although I didnt think they were real, it fascinated me that others did.Thus began my journey into the Greek culture. Of course, as a kid, I was mainly interested in fantastic stories of gods with superhuman powers who either helped mankind, or fought against them in some form or ano... ...mocracy, Pericles was a great leader who was eventually impeached. Oedipus life, while being much to a greater extent tragic then Pericles, made sense to me finally. The democratic themes presented by the chorus began to take on new meaning , and I had an entirely new perspective on the plays.An awakened mind is wondrous thing. Although I was fascinated by Greek mythology and writings as a young kid, I never understood the complexness involved in them until entering college. Perhaps it was maturity, or a well rounded education that opened my eyes to the reality that Greek literature is intentional not only to tell a story, but to open the hearts and minds of the reader. Like a fine wine, Greek literature only gets better with time. The neighboring time some champion mentions the subject, instead of groaning, ask what they thought of it, and you may just be step into a whole new reality. Growing Up With Greek Literature Essay -- Greece Mythology EssaysGrowing Up With Greek LiteratureSay Greek Tragedy to an English major and youre likely to elicit a groan, or even perhaps a screech of terror. For me however, Greek tragedy, as well as Greek mythology, has always fascinated me. When I was younger, the Greek perfections always captured my interest, and I could never get enough of them. As I grew older, I became interested in the more refined aspects that Greek literature had to offer. Sophocles and The Three Theban Plays in particular, left me awestruck. I quickly began to realize that many of the new and inventive books and movies I had seen, had actually been written in one form or another, generations ago.I suppose my interest was first piqued when my father brought home the movie Hercules in the early 80s. As a young boy, I was entranced by the idea of a god-like man, with superhuman powers, doing remarkable things on earth. Of course, my knowledge of Greek gods and goddesses was limited, but watching Hercules fight mythical creatures and work out heroic acts was all it took to get my young mind interested. While other kids read comic books about Superman and Spiderman, I delved into the world of Greek mythology. I was entranced by the idea that people believed th at gods actually played a first hand role in peoples lives. Unlike superheroes in the comic books, which I knew from an early age didnt really exist, these Greek gods were an everyday way of life centuries ago. Although I didnt think they were real, it fascinated me that others did.Thus began my journey into the Greek culture. Of course, as a kid, I was mainly interested in fantastic stories of gods with superhuman powers who either helped mankind, or fought against them in some form or ano... ...mocracy, Pericles was a great leader who was eventually impeached. Oedipus life, while being much more tragic then Pericles, made sense to me finally. The democratic themes presented by the chorus began to take on new meaning, and I had an entirely new perspective on the plays.An awakened mind is wondrous thing. Although I was fascinated by Greek mythology and literature as a young kid, I never understood the complexity involved in them until entering college. Perhaps it was maturi ty, or a well rounded education that opened my eyes to the reality that Greek literature is designed not only to tell a story, but to open the hearts and minds of the reader. Like a fine wine, Greek literature only gets better with time. The close time someone mentions the subject, instead of groaning, ask what they thought of it, and you may just be step into a whole new reality.

Growing Up With Greek Literature Essay -- Greece Mythology Essays

Growing Up With Grecian LiteratureSay Hellenic Tragedy to an slope major and youre likely to elicit a groan, or even perhaps a screech of terror. For me however, Hellenic tragedy, as well as Greek mythology, has always fascinated me. When I was younger, the Greek Gods always captured my interest, and I could never get enough of them. As I grew older, I became fire in the more re first-ratelyd aspects that Greek literature had to offer. Sophocles and The Three Theban Plays in particular, left me awestruck. I quickly began to realize that many of the cutting and imaginative books and movies I had seen, had actually been written in one form or another, generations ago.I suppose my interest was initiative piqued when my father brought home the movie Hercules in the early 80s. As a young boy, I was entranced by the idea of a divinity-like man, with superhuman powers, doing remarkable things on earth. Of course, my knowledge of Greek idols and goddesses was limited, but watching Hercules fight mythical creatures and perform heroic acts was all it took to get my young mind enkindle. While other kids read comic books somewhat Superman and Spiderman, I delved into the world of Greek mythology. I was entranced by the idea that people believed that gods actually played a outgrowth hand role in peoples lives. Unlike superheroes in the comic books, which I k reinvigorated from an early age didnt really exist, these Greek gods were an everyday way of life centuries ago. Although I didnt think they were real, it fascinated me that others did.Thus began my journey into the Greek culture. Of course, as a kid, I was in the main interested in fantastic stories of gods with superhuman powers who either helped mankind, or fought against them in some form or ano... ...mocracy, Pericles was a great attraction who was eventually impeached. Oedipus life, while being much more tragic then Pericles, made sense to me finally. The democratic themes presented by the chorus began to take on new meaning, and I had an entirely new perspective on the plays.An awakened mind is wondrous thing. Although I was fascinated by Greek mythology and literature as a young kid, I never understood the complexity involved in them until entering college. Perhaps it was maturity, or a well rounded education that undefended my eyes to the reality that Greek literature is designed not only to tell a story, but to open the hearts and minds of the reader. Like a fine wine, Greek literature only gets better with time. The next time someone mentions the subject, instead of groaning, ask what they thought of it, and you may just be step into a whole new reality. Growing Up With Greek Literature Essay -- Greece Mythology EssaysGrowing Up With Greek LiteratureSay Greek Tragedy to an English major and youre likely to elicit a groan, or even perhaps a screech of terror. For me however, Greek tragedy, as well as Greek mythology, has always fascin ated me. When I was younger, the Greek Gods always captured my interest, and I could never get enough of them. As I grew older, I became interested in the more refined aspects that Greek literature had to offer. Sophocles and The Three Theban Plays in particular, left me awestruck. I quickly began to realize that many of the new and inventive books and movies I had seen, had actually been written in one form or another, generations ago.I suppose my interest was first piqued when my father brought home the movie Hercules in the early 80s. As a young boy, I was entranced by the idea of a god-like man, with superhuman powers, doing remarkable things on earth. Of course, my knowledge of Greek gods and goddesses was limited, but watching Hercules fight mythical creatures and perform heroic acts was all it took to get my young mind interested. While other kids read comic books round Superman and Spiderman, I delved into the world of Greek mythology. I was entranced by the idea t hat people believed that gods actually played a first hand role in peoples lives. Unlike superheroes in the comic books, which I knew from an early age didnt really exist, these Greek gods were an everyday way of life centuries ago. Although I didnt think they were real, it fascinated me that others did.Thus began my journey into the Greek culture. Of course, as a kid, I was generally interested in fantastic stories of gods with superhuman powers who either helped mankind, or fought against them in some form or ano... ...mocracy, Pericles was a great attracter who was eventually impeached. Oedipus life, while being much more tragic then Pericles, made sense to me finally. The democratic themes presented by the chorus began to take on new meaning, and I had an entirely new perspective on the plays.An awakened mind is wondrous thing. Although I was fascinated by Greek mythology and literature as a young kid, I never understood the complexity involved in them until entering co llege. Perhaps it was maturity, or a well rounded education that undefendable my eyes to the reality that Greek literature is designed not only to tell a story, but to open the hearts and minds of the reader. Like a fine wine, Greek literature only gets better with time. The next time someone mentions the subject, instead of groaning, ask what they thought of it, and you may just be step into a whole new reality.

Chemistry Honors Titration Lab Essay

A Titration is a process of the concentration of one solution being determined by its chemical reaction with either a standard solution or a known quantity of solid dissolved in solution. It may also be employ to calculate the poor boy mass of an abstruse acid or stalk.PurposeI. Prepare a standard solution of sodium hydroxideII. Standardize a sodium hydroxide solution by using potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHP)III. When given whether the acid is monoprotic, diprotic, or triprotic , determine the molar mass of the unknown constituent(a) acid.IV. Calculate the Molarity of the Soft drink.Materials* 50 mL Buret* Beaker* Erlenmeyer Flask* Sodium Hydroxide* Water* Balance* unacknowledged Acids (A, B, C)* Calculator* Soft booze (Ginger Ale)ProcedureA Preparation of NaOH (standard solution)1. With portions of water, rinse a 2L bottle.2. To make 2L of a 0.1M solution, determine the amount of grams of sodium hydroxide that are needed and then number out the correct number of grams wh en showing the calculation.3. To a container that is to 1/3 full of water, add the pellets of sodium hydroxide. Shake to mix or speed up the dissolving of the pellets and fill to the top with water. Label your container with your name and date.B Standardization of NaOH (Determine the actual concentration of the standard solution) 1. Drain the 50 mL buret and recommend to fill the buret with water at the end of each science lab.2. To rinse the inside of the buret, pour a small amount of NaOH into it. Drain the buret done the peak cock. Rinse the buret more than once. (Remember to do this before you start th lab experiment to clean the buret.)3. Fill the buret with the NaOH solution and to draw back any air, allow a small quantity to pass through the stopcock.4. Rinse a 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask and then make sure enough the goat of the flask is dry. To get the mass of only the solute, rezero the flask on the scale.5. Add about 0.20 to 0.30 grams of KHP (acid) to the flask. Mea sure precisely to the 100ths place and record the mass. Add approximately 60-70 mL of water to dissolve KHP and add 2-3 drops of phenolphthalein indicator. Shake or swirl the flask to speed up the dissolving of the KHP.6. Record the level of NaOH in the buret (to the 100ths Place). any volumes should be to the 100ths place (0.00). Carefully add the NaOH to the flask containing the acid solution. Throughout the experiment, rinse the inside of the flask with water from a water bottle and stop adding NaOH and then swirl the flask to mix the solution.7. Stop adding NaOH when a light pink color persists (when neutralization occurs). Record the final reading of NaOH thats in the buret and find the final volume.8. Calculate the thou of the NaOH solution and then complete all 12 titrations before beginning to solve the calculations. Expand your calculations to 4 decimal places and accept only the values that are inwardly 0.005 of each new(prenominal).9. Of the legitimate molarity readi ngs, take the average. This is known as the molarity of your standardized base solution, which impart be used to calculate the molar masses of the unknown acids and molarity of a bonkers drink. C Calculating the Molar Masses of Unknown Acids1. iterate the same steps 1-4 from Section B to prepare for the titration of the unknown acid solution. 2. Repeat the same steps 5-7 substituting the unknown acid for KHP. The unknown acids are in labeled jars A, B, and C. It will be indicated whether the acids are monoprotic, diprotic, or triprotic. 10 titrations should be completed for each unknown acid. 3. From the equation on the source page, calculate the molar mass of the acid using your average molarity. Find the molar mass based on the number of protons in each acid. 4. deal the values that are within 1.0 of each other. Calculate the average of all the acceptable values and then repeat for the remaining acids. 5. When back in the classroom, you will receive the correct molar mass of the acids so you can calculate the percentage error.D- Calculation of Molarity of a soft drink solution1. Repeat steps 1-4 from Section B to prepare for the titration of the soft drink solution. 2. Take the soft drink solution from a buret on the back lab table recording the initial and final volume from the soft drink buret. Add approximately 40 mL of the soft drink to your flask. Make sure you record the exact volume to the 100ths place. Do not add water to your flask. 3. Each group should have 3 titrations completed. Accept the values that are within 0.01M of each other. Calculate the average of all the acceptable values.ConclusionIn this lab experiment, overall, I learned how to titrate. The concentration of one solution was determined by its reaction with a standard solution. The molar mass of unknown acids were also calculated. While learning to titrate, I learned several other skills in the process. I learned how to prepare a standard solution of sodium hydroxide, how to st andardize a sodium hydroxide solution by using potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHP), how to find the molar masses of unknown organic acids when given whether the acid is monoprotic, diprotic, or triprotic, and how to calculate the molarity of a soft drink. At the same time, other skills were practiced. Skills such as calculating molarity, molar mass and percent error were exercised. The molarity was calculated for part B, the standardization of sodium hydroxide.After all of the molarities were calculated, 5 of them were accepted and the average came out to be 0.0935, which was the number that would be used throughout the lab to help calculate the molar masses of the unknown acids and the molarity of a soft drink. The molar mass was calculated for the unknown acids A, B, and C. Molar mass is grams of solute divided by the average molarity multiplied by the radical amount of liters. In acid A, five molar masses were accepted and the average came out to be 180.0440. In acid B, only thr ee molar masses were accepted and the average came out to be 154.5841. In acid C, there were four of the the molar masses accepted and the average came out to be 180.6426.The percent errors of the unknown acids were relatively small with the exception of acid C. For acid A the percent error was 2.22%, for acid B it was 2.99%, and for acid C it was 13.54%. The percent error for acid A and B is small because of how much NaOH was used. The amount was always less than below 40.00 grams except for once, and most of the time the amount of NaOh was in the 20s or below. During the trials for acid C, the amount of NaOH used was no less than 33.90 grams for each trial. In Part D of the experiment, the molarity of a soft drink solution was calculated. Ginger Ale was mixed with NaOH solutions. This titration resulted in a pink, dark peach and a dark, dark peach color. Of three molarities recorded, all three were accepted. The averages of the accepted molarities of Ginger Ale were 0.0311.

HArley davidson †casestudy Essay

In this case study we will analyze Harley-Davidson unique way of marketing. How they chose to invest the volume of their marketing budget back in their customers, to give the ultimate Harley experience and way of life.And how all of the above translate to exceptional brand loyalty and growth sales in traditional and new demographics.The LifestyleHarley-Davidson has positi cardinald itself as a way of life, with an super loyal and growing customer base. Harley Davidsons H.O.G (Harley Owners Group) has about one million members1, and it is being referred internally as the Original Social Network 2 H.O.G. members enjoy benefits such as a magazine subscription (Hog Tales and Enthusiast), the H.O.G. Touring Handbook, a employ roadside assistance service, an insurance course of study that was designed specifically to their needs, a theft reward service, a travel center, and a Fly & Ride program allowing H.O.G members to rent Harley-Davidson bikes wherever they fly3.In addition, Harle y-Davidson encourages their customers to customize their bikes and make it their own. They are community members who take pride in their creation and/or special affiliation to the community by personalizing their motorcycle and giving it their own personality.As a result (or as a cause), Harleys customers, and H.O.G members are extremely engaged and are being brand advocates throughout the country andthe world4.DemographicsTraditionally, the ideal Harley-Davidson customers were Caucasian men ages 35-plus5.. However, in recent years Harley-Davidson has been targeting other segments of the motorcycle users pool.4Harley-Davidson is aiming to reach a more diverse customer pool. Harley-Davidson has an outreach program targeting new segments, such as young adults 18-34, women, AfricanAmericans and Hispanics. In the U.S., 2012s sales to these segments grew at twice the rate their traditional U.S. customer base sales for that year6.Sticking to their marketing philosophy (Lifestyle), Harle y-Davidson also created additional benefits under H.O.G dedicated for women riding Harley. Their Ladies-Of-Harley (LOH) club was established to encourage women to be more involved in the Harley Way of Life and community7.Today, 30%-40% of Harley-Davidson riders are women8.Questions and AnswersQ What does Harley-Davidson position it self in the market and what is the key to its marketing success?A Harley-Davidson positions itself in the market as a way of life more than just a transportation mode. And the key to its success is the exceptional relationship betwixt the brand and its customers. Harleys relationship with its customers, is so unique, to the point where Harley-Davidson crowd-sourced most of its marketing campaigns to the customers themselves9, knowing that they know themselves better, and they can do an exceptional job (as they do) in representing the brand.Q How does Harley-Davidson produce a long-term customer relationship?A Harley-Davidson encourages their customers t o get involved in the brand by customizing their motorcycle and to express their true self in steel, rubber and chrome10. In addition it is encouraging local clubs, shared rides and trips and other group activities through their H.O.G. club.Q What is Harley-Davidsons value proposition?A Harleys value proposition is more in the community and way of life, than anything else they offer. It is the sense of community, belonging, patriotism and the free expression of ones true self.Q Relate the conceit of customer equity to Harley-Davidson. How does HarleyDavidsons strategy focus on the right relationships with the right customers? A Harley-Davidson has one of the highest customer equity out there. By building a relationship that simulates a cult. Their customers desire the Harleys way of life and show an amazing behavioral loyalty towards the brand. A Harley-Davidson customer is not necessarily a Harley-Davidson motorcycle owner. It is anyone who relates to the Harley experience and w ay of living.For example, Harleys clothing line11, the H.O.G. Associate membership12, and other peripheral experiences are addressing all Harley enthusiasts, not just motorcycle owners. abridgment and ConclusionHarley-Davidsons way of marketing is through its established and growing customer base, it is amazing that a company that invests 85%13 of their entire marketing budget in their current customers is growing stronger by the year, and expanding into new market segments.To summarize Harley is not automotive. It might have an engine, it might have wheels, and it might menstruate on roads, but thats where the similarities stop, 14 -Mark-Hans Richer, CMOReferencesForbs, Behind The Brand, Harley-Davidsons Original Social Network, by Jennifer Roony 30, May 2013 (http//www.forbes.com/sites/jenniferrooney/2013/05/30/behind-the-brand-harleydavidsons-original-social-network/) 2. Its members are extremely engaged and are being brand advocates throughout the country and the world.Principl es of Marketing, Global Edition, by Philip Kotler / Gary Armstrong, p.17 (ISBN 027378-699-7) 4Forbs, Behind The Brand, Harley-Davidsons Original Social Network, by Jennifer Roony 30, May 2013 (http//www.forbes.com/sites/jenniferrooney/2013/05/30/behind-the-brand-harleydavidsons-original-social-network/) 5Harley-Davidson, Corp Relations, Demographics (http//investor.harleydavidson.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=87981&p=irol-demographics) 6Harley-Davidson, Corp Relations, Demographics (http//investor.harleydavidson.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=87981&p=irol-demographics) 7MCHOG, Ladies of Harley, (http//www.mchog.com/MCHogLadiesOfHarleyMain.htm)Harley-Davidson The Spirit of America, Documentary (http//www.imdb.com/title/tt0456137/) How Mark-Hans Richer Is rideHarley-Davidsons Marketing Agenda, Video Interview, Forbs, 30 May, 2013 (http//www.youtube.com/watch?v=4c5nBtF-AGU) 9Customize your Harley, Harley-Davidson (http//www.harleydavidson.com/en_US/Content/Pages/Owners/customize.html) 11Harley Davidson, M en and Women clothing lines. (http//www.harley-davidson.com/store/) 12Harley Davidson, rank types. (http//www.harleydavidson.com/en_US/Content/Pages/HOG/membership-types.html) 13Mark-Hans Richer, Harley-Davidson CMO, Ad Age interview July 10, 2010 http//adage.com/article/242952/ 14Mark-Hans Richer, Harley-Davidson CMO, Ad Age interview July 10, 2010 http//adage.com/article/242952/

Curriculum Development for Inclusive Practice Essay

IntroductionIn education, the word jut is not new since the organisations of development and further education hurt long been associated with the idea of a class. Before starting the assignment, we would like to find out what it means by plan and what is curriculum development for inclusive practice. By definition, in ruleal education, a curriculum is the set of courses and their capacitances offered at an educational institution. John Kerr defined curriculum and later taken up by Vic Kelly in his standard work on the subject as, All the information which is planned and guided by the school, whether it is carried on in groups or individually, inside or outside the school. (quoted in Kelly 1983 in any case, Kelly 1999). There atomic number 18 four ways of approaching curriculum theory and practice1. curriculum as a body of knowledge to be transmitted2. computer program as product, i.e. an attempt to achieve certain ends in students3. computer programme as fulfil4. Curr iculum as praxisWe will express the later three ways in this assignment. These ways of approaching curriculum theory and practice plenty be also described in three disciplines the theoretical, the productive and the practical. These atomic number 18 illustrated as the map below(Source infed.org/ Curriculum theory and practice.)Inclusive curriculum refers to the functioning of developing and designing a programme of study to limit the barriers that students may face in accessing the curriculum. Indeed, the curriculum created by the educational institution should aim to volunteer opportunities for all students to learn and to achieve. Also the curriculum should aim to promote students spiritual, moral, social and cultural development, to establish an entitlement and to establish standards. In this assignment, we will discuss how different theories, linguistic rule and specimens of curriculum have been developed and applied in a learning environment in swan to achieve these. Par ticular in this essay, we will accent on the dental consonant nurse trainingenvironment where all trainee dental nurses are expected to meet standard set by General alveolar Council (GDC) at the end of training regardless their background and entry levels.Analyse and discuss the influence of theories, principles and models of curriculum design with a view to promoting inclusive learning.Curriculum as productCurriculum as product model is also known as behavioural objectives model, as it heavily depends on the settings of behavioural objectives and it is implicated in the product of curriculum. It is the dominant model of describing and managing todays education. Because in modern education system throughout different stages and qualifications, certain standards or objectives are set and education institutions aim to draw up a plan to achieve these objectives and create methods in response to the plan. Outcomes reflecting on students learning abilities as come up as efficiency of these plans and methods will be measured. From above, there are four fundamental questions for education practiti acers1. What are the aims and objectives of curriculum?2. Which plan and methods meet these aims and objectives?3. How can these plans and methods be practiced?4. How can the extent to these plans and methods be evaluated? (Adapted by Tyler 1949)Curriculum as product is strongly supported by the behaviouristic model which believes knowledge is delimited and learning supposes to be overt, observable and measurable. It also believes the statements of objectives of the education institution should be a statement of changes occurred to students. (Tyler 194944) Regarding to stimulation of ordained changes to students, few major theorists have contributed to the behaviourist theory. Edward Lee Thorndike (1874-1949) believed learning was a process of linking physical and mental events in various combinations. Also, learning is enhanced when bonds are made between the stim ulus and the response. B F Skinner (1904-1990) innovated in operant conditioning and expanded on Thorndikes work on reinforcement of learning.In Skinners view, po baitive reinforcement strengthens behaviour by applying some encouraging events. Oppositely, negative reinforcement improves behaviour by removing someaversive events. Advantages of curriculum as product model include it makes assessment more precise it functions to select and structure teaching plan it makes teachers conscious of different types and levels of learning involved in particular subjects and it guides teachers and students on skills to be gained. However, some criticisms are also raised, such as it discourages teachers and students creativity the curriculum is too subject and run bound and some specific behaviours are appropriate for affective domain.Curriculum as processComparing to curriculum as product which is focusing on the outcomes, curriculum as process focuses on teacher and student activities. Ind eed, it emphasis on means preferably than ends. Rather than teachers set up objects and draw up teaching plans and methods, students have part in deciding nature of learning activities and therefore it is a more individualised atmosphere and different learning experience. Lawrence Stenhouse (1975) produced one of the best-known explorations of a process model of curriculum theory and practice. He defined curriculum as an attempt to communicate the essential principles and features of an educational suggestion in such a form that it is open to critical scrutiny and capable of effective translation into practice. Curriculum as process is supported by humanist model which concentrate upon the development of the students self- ideal. It believes learning is a gain towards the pinnacle of self-development.In the early(a) words, if students feel good nigh themselves and the concept of learning, it is a good start. There are a few theorists who contributed in the humanistic theory suc h as Alexander Sutherland Neill (1883-1973), Carl Rogers (1902-1987) and Abraham Maslow (1908-1970). The most pregnant theorist among these is Maslow, who invented hierarchy of basic removes and term Self-actualisation. The main advantages of curriculum as process model are it emphasis on active roles of teachers and learners as well as learning skills. It believes on certain activities as important in themselves and for life. However, people also criticize that it neglect considerations of appropriate content and it is difficult to apply approaches in some areas.Curriculum as PraxisCurriculum as praxis is a development of the process model. Comparing tocurriculum as process which is driven by general principles and emphasises on judgement and meaning making, curriculum as praxis makes an explicit commitment to emancipation. So basically, teachers need to have a proposal for actions involving essential principles and features of the education encounter. They encourage students to build up conversations and interactions between each other in the situation. These actions lead to a form of commitment to learning.Teachers continually evaluate this process and provide a view of outcomes jibe to this. Therefore through this approach, the curriculum as praxis itself develops through a dynamic interaction of action and reflection. Similar to curriculum as process, the curriculum also emphasises on the development of students self- actualisation. Therefore it is also supported by the humanistic model.Describe, critically analyse and reflect on which factors might affect curriculum design and how the curriculum can differ according to the context in which it is provided. Also describe and discuss the impact some of these factors have on your own specialism. As a dental nurse tutor, my students have spare-time activity characteristics firstly they are adult learners secondly they have different academic and cultural backgrounds as well as learning abilities they have an initial interest in the subject and a clear objective and motivation of getting qualification and becoming a dental nurse.Upon above characteristics of students, my role has following aims to create an inclusive learning environment for all my students to follow guidance from General Dental Council (GDC) and draw up teaching plans according to the guidance to help students dispatch GDC standard, carry theoretical assessments and gain GDC registration to provide great exposure of the practical side of training to students and make sure student reach GDC standard on practical/hand-on skills enabling them to gain registration. From above, it is not hard to see that the overall objective of getting GDC qualifications cannot be achieved by applying single curriculum design and model during my teaching. In fact, it requires a combination of curriculum as product, as process and as praxis as well as other auxiliary curriculums such as the hidden curriculum.Curriculum as productGDC re quires a certain theoretical assessment standard for trainee dentalnurses to reach. Students need to sit GDC exams for all the theoretical units they have attended. This has become the crucial objective for dental nurse tutors. In order to achieve this, we have created a practical plan and various methods in teaching. Firstly, classroom teaching has been arranged three times a week for two hours per class. Contents of teaching and learning are purely referenced to GDC publications and the classes are well organised and formatted. Secondly, weak bemock assessments to students are applied in order to track trainee dental nurses progress and provide feedback to our teaching methods. In order students to carry on progressing towards GDC exams, certain forms of encouragements and punishments have been applied which reflects on Skinners Reinforcement in behaviourist model.For example, students with top exam scores are offered scholarships and students with failed grades are required to attend plain classes and re-sit for exams. Curriculum as products model has provided a clear path for dental nurse tutors and trainee nurses to process towards objectives. However, it has also led some problems. Once trainee nurses are pushed too much towards exams and grades, they may lose enthusiasm and motivation. Also, as students are with ragged learning background and ability, trainee nurses who are lose of certain skills or previous knowledge may find reaching GDC standard particularly challenging. Here comes the concept of providing an inclusive practice, we will discuss this later in The hidden curriculum.Curriculum as processAs well as ensuring trainee nurses to pass GDC exams, they are also required to achieve strong practical skills and pass practical assessments. The practical side of training are carried out in trainee dental nurses work placements, usually within hospitals dental department, a local NHS dental practice or a cloistered dental clinic. After learnin g fundamental theories of dental knowledge, trainee nurses will work along with senior dental nurses and dentist to observe and practice skills at existent work place. Trainee dental nurses usually spend at least half of their entire training in work placements and the placement is well organised by both dental tutors and head nurse in dental practice. Trainee nurses learning progress is observed mainly by senior nurses and dentists at work placement, a report will be sent back to dental tutors regularly.Dental tutors also visit traineedental nurses work place on a regular basis to observe and assess on students progress. Curriculum as process within dental nurse training has closely followed the humanitarian model, especially Maslows hierarchy of basic needs. Trainee dental nurses have to gain fundamental knowledge of dentistry in order them to gain shelter once putting knowledge into practice. When they feel secured, they are more enthusiastic and motivated to achieve the next level and eventually gain self- actualisation.Curriculum as paxisAs mentioned in curriculum as process, dental nurse training values entire journey of students progress rather than the final exams. Trainee dental nurses are observed and assessed throughout their training in all different aspects. Apart from the practical skills, dental tutors are also aware of trainee nurses oral/ communication skills, writing skills, co-ordinating/ interacting skills with colleagues and patients as well as professional manner as a medical staff. All of these factors are observed and accessed via denary tunnels throughout classroom and work placement, such as dental nurse tutors, senior nurses and dentists, feedbacks from fellow trainee nurses and patients. As trainee nurses get more and more skilled in handling patients and communicating with fellow colleagues, they will find work get smoother and therefore they will gain more confidence and motivation in their job. This has reflected again on the humanistic model and Maslows hierarchy of basic needs. Development of inclusive practice and the hidden curriculumRegarding the characteristics of adult learning, although trainee nurses are more purposeful in learning and show more active participation, their previous knowledge background and learning ability may vary. In order to get all the students on the same line and help them to achieve GDC qualification, we have applied the hidden curriculum to achieve an inclusive teaching and learning environment for the trainee nurses. The hidden curriculum means all that is learnt during school/college activities that is not designated part of official curriculum, such as one-to-one class for individuals, extra assessments and mock exams. Although learning associated with the hidden curriculum is often considered in a negative way, we findthis is a suggestive method for adult learners.For trainee dental nurses who are lack of language skills or basic medical knowledge, we arrange episo dic individual class for them with one of our dental tutors. This is usually carried out in students and dental tutors spared time. As some trainee dental nurses are desperate in improving their essential skills, they feel rather welcome to the extra tuition and are willing to put in extra efforts. For trainee nurses who did not achieve satisfactory results in their mock exams before final GDC exams, we also occasional organise extra class for them and offer them opportunity to re-sit the mock exams. By carrying out occasional hidden curriculum, trainee nurses with less skill improve so that dental tutors are able to prepare them at the same level for GDC exams. This has helped us I developing inclusive practice within our institution in a different perspective.

Marketing – Chanel, Nike, Hot Topic

1. Within the United States, especially in mhoern California, an individuals appearance is crucial beca put on it is employ to make a first impression. A somebody is judged by what they wear and how they quality. For example, it is probable that m both community would perceive a person wearing moth-eaten enclothe as uneducated and irresponsible while a person miening pristine in a actor ensemble is assumed to be intelligent and successful. In every city, there be nonuple work tarnishs with opposite appearances and ranges of vestments and accessories.Every epoch, y forthhful styles and designs be created which influence society. It appears as if more fictitious characters of garb exist than the actual number of state. With so many different alternatives of excogitate, the invent industry is essay to please too many guests with variety. There argon soon motley styles to choose from, and the habiliments pack wear categorize or label them long onwards they realize it. The three fashion blurs that bequeath be analyzed extensively ar Chanel, Nike, and caustic musical theme. These patsys pay off app atomic number 18l entirely argon completely different in their localize earshot.Chanel is a p easementigious advanced-fashion spot Nike is a keynoteular athletic line juicy sort outic is symphonyally and artistically edgier with a littler designate audience between the three. With these appargonl stains, a person wearing each would be labeled or even stereotyped. One wearing a Chanels 2012 Spring/Summer ready-to-wear designer come prohibited chequer with a white jacket, lambskin dress with pearls, and a glass pearl belt would be labeled as blue, successful, and intelligent. An oppo pose wearing Nike travel rapidly app argonl consisting of a dress, shorts, and footgear is some bingle athletic and always on the go.An individual in a Hot Topic murky graphic music t-shirt with plug piercings would be stereotyped as Goth, tough, or edgy. 2. 2. Geographic * Located at tourist hot-spots * Found in spy malls or shopping streets * Fashion Capitals * Where social condition is important * Higher standard costs of living * join America U. S. A, Mexico, Canada * Asia * Europe * midst East * Oceania * South America * Located in aras with daily physical activity * Near pleasures-oriented regions * Nike put ins found in shopping malls or its gull is found in triune athletic ear descents * United States * Europe * Canada * Africa * Australia * India * Ind binglesia * Malaysia * Middle East * New Zealand * Philippines * Singapore * United Kingdom * This brand is mostly accommodate to the style of North America where it originated. * Found in shopping malls * United States * Puerto Rico * Ontario * Suburban living Chanels headquarter is set(p) in Paris, France where the fashion brand originated. The store is dig upd worldwide estimable tourist attractions. The main travel destination that people c hoose to plan their vacation is where a Chanel store is mostly likely to be found.The idea is that people who travel to hot-spots tend to be upper middle or upper class, so they go through sufficient funds to bargain for the Chanel brand. Chanel is iodin of the tip designer brands kn suffer world-widely, so it is located in fashion capitals New York City, Paris, Milan, Rome, China, Los Angeles, Miami, etcetera Nikes headquarter is located in Washington County, Oregon. This athletic brand is one the top sports line. Its stores are located globally and more widespread compared to the other two brands. Also, Nike brand products mass be found in multiple athletic equipment stores Sport Chalet, Finish Line, etc.Nike is one of the most common sports brands that it is stocked in any part store with a small section for athletic wear Nordstrom, Macys, Bloomingdales, etc. It is found in areas where physical activities are part of daily routines. all(prenominal) parts of the world tak e part in sports, which puke be stick outn through the Olympics and the countrys own specific sport. Hot Topics headquarter is in Industry, California. The style of this brand is geared towards Ameri batchs which is wherefore stores are only located in various areas of North America. They are mostly located in suburban shopping malls where the unripeneder demographic spends their uncaring time. demographic * Age * 30-60 age * Gender * Female * Social Status * swiftness Class * Annual Househ gaga Income * at least $125,000 * Ethnic * Caucasian * European * Asian Ameri stand * Family conduct Cycle * Young single * Young married without children * Middle-aged without children * Middle-aged without dependent children * Age * 8-50 days * Gender * male * Female * Social Status * Middle Class * Upper Class * Annual Household Income * at least $50,000 * Ethnic Widespread among diverse groups * Family Life Cycle * Young single * Young married or divorced with/without children * Middle-aged married or divorced with or without dependent children * Age * 12-20 age * Gender * Male * Female * Social Status * Middle Class * Annual Household Income * $50,000-$100,000 * Ethnic * Caucasian * Asian American * Hispanic American * African American * Canadian * Family Life Cycle * Young Single Chanels customers range between thirty to sixty years old.It only has apparel for older women because they are typically upper class with an annual household income of at least $125,000. Since Chanel is an expensive designer brand, not many ethnic groups are associated with it. The main ethnic groups are European, Caucasian, and Asian American. Europeans and Americans cast off higher household incomes, so they are able to ease up the high worths. Theyre immature and single, young married without children, middle-aged without children, and middle-aged without dependent children, so they take aim more money for luxuries because they confuse no dependents.Nike has a wider spe ctrum of customers from the age of eight to fifty years old. Females and males of all different ages take part in some sort of physical activity or exercise. Nike products are of quality, so their product line items transform in terms therefore, anybody of middle or upper class can afford it on a household income of at least $50,000 annually. This brand is global, so it bulls eyes a variety of diverse ethnic groups. Its trade is for all family action cycles young who exercise unfluctuatingly or married with children having to run errands. Hot Topics customers are female and male tweens or teens from the age of twelve to twenty.It can be becharmn that teenagers with less valued education shop there. The style is targeted to young single children, mainly middle class with an annual household income of $50,000-$100,000. It targets mainly those living in North America Caucasian, Asian American, Hispanic American, African American, and Canadian. Psychographic * temper * Fashi onistas * Opinion Leaders * Motives * Status * Trendy * Perceived quality * Lifestyles * High-class lifestyle * Follow turn outs/styles * Enjoy luxuries * High-maintenance * Materialistic * Geodemographics * Popular global cities * Fashion apitals * Upper class communities * Upper middle class suburbs * Personality * Athletic * Opinion Leaders * Relaxed * Motives * Trendy * Quality * Exercise * Every-day attire * Reliability * Comfort * Lifestyles * health conscious * Sports-oriented * Always on the go * Geodemographics * Heavily populated communities * Sports-oriented regions * Cities with professional sports teams * Personality * Edgy * Punk * Music l all over * Motives * Unique * Contrast Hollywood * Music P reference point * Lifestyles * Opposite of Pop magazines * Prideful to be independent of trends * More somewhat music than societal trends * Geodemographics * Young communities that evaluate music * Areas unaffected by magazine trends * Middle class suburbs * Regions wit h less valued education Chanel targets fashionistas, people who wear high-end and trendy habilitate. They are opinion leaders who influence the rest of society. For example, celebrities wear Chanel which creates the brands popularity.Customers shop at Chanel because they wishing status which is to follow up-to-date trends and styles in todays society. These people have a high-class lifestyle who enjoy luxuries, are high-maintenance, and very materialistic. imputable to Chanel world a high-end brand, one of its key fixingss is its equipment casualty because expensive items fertilise people the lore of high quality. Chanel clusters potential customers in popular global cities where the communities are typically upper class. Its vital for Chanel to target people living in fashion capitals, such as Los Angeles, Miami, Paris, Milan, etc. Nike targets athletes who are health conscious and sports-oriented.Those who too wear Nike are opinion leaders which are why the brand is endors ed by known athletes from Michael Jordan to Roger Federer. Aside from athletes, Nike also targets customers for the products quality, reliability, and comfort. Nike clusters potential customers in heavily populated communities, cities with famous professional sports teams, and sports-oriented regions. Hot Topic targets young communities that appreciate music. This brand started off with selling products based on music artists and bands. It targets a younger dynamic group who wants to be unique and despises the typical Hollywood pop culture trends. People with a less valued education tend to shop at Hot Topic which is why the brand is stereotyped for those who are punks. Benefits Sought Extreme quality * Social status recognition * Aspirational reference group * Up-to-date on trends * Self-esteem * Long-lasting quality * Increased rearing * Improvement as an athlete * Comfort * Aspirational reference group * To be unique and different * Broadcast their music and art interests * Make a narrative against pop culture trends Chanel is instantly recognized as one of the top leading high fashion designer brands in the world. Due to its expensive prices, people assume it to possess prestigious quality before they buy their first item. Aside from quality, the fact that the apparel and accessories are well known to be dearly-won is utilized as a means of social status recognition.Any individual wearing a dress, jacket, or glass pearl belt can be instantly deemed as wealthy or financially well-off. Chanel has been deemed as an extravagant brand which is advertised by mock ups and celebrities. It is found in the majority of fashion magazines which targets customers who want to be up-to-date on trends, so they can boost their self-esteem. From the opinion leaders influencing society, customers purchase from this fashion line because they want to be in the aspirational reference group of high class or celebrity status. Nike is a top athletic brand for apparel, g ear, and footwear. Nikes mission rumor is To bring inspiration and psychiatric hospital to every athlete in the world. Due to the brands publicity and marketing, it creates a customer perception of quality that will last longer than generic wine sports brands. Along with the public stir of the brand, it targets customers in the aspirational reference group because they want to associate themselves with their favorite athlete or celebrity who wears the product. Aside from the trend, Nike is mainly mean for athletes to increase and improve their training which is why Nike has a product line for each type of sport ravel, basketball, tennis, etc. Hot Topic started off trying to be unique and different with the brands main focus on music other than typical pop.It first became popular with its t-shirts of multiple sway and metal bands. It is a way for customers, mainly teenagers, to broadcast their love of music. Their mission relation is At Hot Topic, we believe music and the arts make everyones life a whole lot intermit, so weve decided to enrich kids lives by enabling them to express themselves musically and artistically The brand derives that there are audiences out there who have ont prefer the pop culture trends, so this is a brand that encompasses and pleases them as well. 3. The grocery storeing Mix * turn * Apparel * Apparel * Dresses * Shorts * Pants * Jackets * Bras * Shorts * Accessories * Jackets * Band T-shirt * Glass pearl belt * Hoodies * Body Jewelry * Footwear * Long-sleeve shirt * Plug earrings * Heel boots * Short-sleeve shirt * Clothes graphics * Brand name * T-shirts * cotton fiber Fabric * Brand mark * Footwear * Quality * Fabric * Running * Customer Satisfaction * Cotton Tweed * Gear * After-purchase service * Lambskin * Socks * 30 day return policy * Coated washed denim * Customer ability to customize footwear * Glass Pearl * Quality * Quality * Color * Value * Brand name * Packaging * Brand mark * Customer Service * Fabric * life-time warranty by manufacturing defect * Value * Customer Service * Customer satisfaction * Customer Satisfaction * 30 day return policy * Market price * each(prenominal) article of habit is at least $1,000 US * Range in prices * Clearance/Sale Items * Discount deals * Retail store coupons * cheap price * Clearance/ gross sales Items * Discount deals * Regular store deals * Rarely discounted * Outlet warehouses * Fashion magazines * Magazines * Music Magazines * Celebrity Endorsement * TV advertisements * TV Shows * radio come upr * Internet * Celebrity Advertisement * Celebrity Endorsement * Sales promotion * Music endorsements * Celebrity Events * Award Shows * Sponsorships * Radio * Musician/Artist sponsors * Fashion Shows * Sales Promotion * Music/Art Events * TV shows * Internet * Internet Subscription * Sports Events * Beginning of the season unveiling * Outdoor advertisements * Boutique Window * Newspapers * Exclusive Boutique * uppity store design * Shopping amble * Athletic Store Team * Sold Online * Shopping Mall * Store has music, darker, artistic theme * High-End Shopping Mall * Warehouse * Outlets * Warehouse * Sold Online * High-income areas * Trucking * Outlets * Fashion streets * Air-Mail * Trucking * Air-Mail * Department Stores * Air-Mail * Boutique Window * Distribution * ledge Placement * Shelf Placement * Shelf Placement * Glass Case Display * Near front of store * In plain sight * Not sold online * Reaching Distance * Middle of the store * Hanging on racks The PRODUCT is the easiest designed strategy in the marketing mix compared to the rear, promotion, and price.Chanels apparel includes a dress, jacket, belt, and boots. The dress is made out of cotton tweed, lambskin, and precious pearls the jacket is created from cotton tweed the heeled boots are coated washed denim. The fabric provides value to customers who believe that they recei ve extreme quality from their purchase. These high paying customers purchase each of these items for their fabric, instead of going to a generic store full of regular cotton, spandex, and polyester. They desire the feeling of riches when they are cover in beautiful pearls and soft lambskin. Aside from the physical units, the product comes with the brand name and brand mark.In the fashion industry, a person isnt initially asked rough the fabric or the material. They are asked nearly the brand because a top designer name is seen as prestigious and extravagant which is why the number one fashion question is, Who are you wearing? In the end, fashion is not completely about whether or not an outfit looks dear on a person. If the outfit is a brand name, it is put on a higher pedestal than other attire. Along with the ensemble, customer service is a key factor because Chanel clients are loyal. Chanel is popular with upper class clientele who associate themselves with the brand because of its social status only the wealthy can purchase more than one article of Chanel clothe.The fashion line has magnificent customer service to maintain their high clients satisfaction before and afterward their purchase. When purchasing the product, the client also buys a spirit warranty. However, this warranty only applies to any manufacturing defects or malfunctions. After women enjoy the fabulous customer service and purchase this ensemble, they are given their items in the well-known Chanel packaging. If the clothe were a gift, the store would wrap them in a black box with the white Chanel logo along with tissue paper and white ribbons free of charge. If the clothes were just part of a shopping spree, they will be wrapped in tissue paper and carefully pose in the feeling black Chanel shopping bag.All the packaging and added extravagances of the product will be donned with the brand name and brand mark because that is the main reason why women purchase from this fashion li ne. This Chanel outfit provides women with beauty and grace. Running apparel from Nike includes footwear, socks, shorts, and a shirt. The shoes are made with gel and soft cushion, so it can absorb the shock when a runners feet pounds the pavement. A runner cant have shoes without thick socks. The shorts can either be loose or tight to keep the runner feeling cool and dry. The shirt can be a Dri-fit that keeps the runner warm, cool, well-heeled, and dry. With women, some of the shirts come with a bra interior the top.Similar to Chanel, Nike is one of the top leading brands in its athletic department, so athletes purchase the products for the brand name and brand mark. Due to it being a popular brand, it is presumed to have extreme quality which athletes desire to improve their training. Each article of fit out has the brand name and brand mark stamped on it, and each of the footwear has the brand mark largely displayed on all sides of the shoe. Nike footwear is unique because it e nables customers the opportunity to put their own input into the design of their shoe they can customize their own version with different colors, shapes, and designs. Nike makes sure to provide excellent service in which the employees must be knowledgeable about every product for each type of sport it carries.A customer is able to rely on the employees to consider the clients crush interest. Nike also wants to ensure customer satisfaction which is why it guarantees customers a trial run of the product if they are not happy with the item after the first couple days of testing them, they can return it. Otherwise, they have 30 day full refund policy. Hot Topics outfit is comprised of band t-shirts, pants, shorts, and plugged earrings. The pants and shorts are made from staple fibre cotton or denim. The band t-shirts are partly made of cotton and polyester. The plug earrings are simply plastic. Their customers dont consider the value or quality of the apparel as much as the color or g raphics.This brand mainly factors the customers appreciation of music, art, and expression which leads to customer satisfaction. Hot Topic provides excellent customer service before and after a purchase. The majority of society stereotypes those who adorn Hot Topic clothes as lazy, dirty, tough, Goth, and punk however, the employees are approachable and energetic. After a purchase, a customer can go back to the store or browse their website to learn how to care for their purchase how to justly wash their denim, iron their cotton t-shirts, or clean their leather purchases. Along with the purchase, customers are given a 30 day period to return their items for a full refund. The PRICE is a second factor that sways customers to purchase an item.The Chanel outfit is costly and sold at market price because it is a luxury clothing line. The only way to know the cost of the clothes is to physically walk into any of the boutiques the prices arent displayed on the boutique website. The major ity of each article of clothing from Chanel is at least $1,000 US. This outfit targets the wealthy, so they well have the sufficient funds to purchase these big-ticket items. Due to the customers high income, the price of the apparel isnt of great concern they only want onlookers to recognize that their clothes are expensive. The brand is rarely, close to never, discounted because it wants to keep its sense of richness.If Chanel were to have discounts, past people of lower status may purchase the items which will discourage the wealthy who dont want to be associated with that type of people. Therefore, once the market price is circumscribe, it is unchanging once the product item arrives at each boutique. The Nike raceway outfits target audience includes those of middle class, so the price is affordable. Since upper class citizens purchase this product as well, the prices vary depending on the quality, color, and design of the fabric. For example, mesh running shorts would be che aper than dri-fit shorts. New products are set at market price for at least the first six months after its arrival in a Nike store or department store.Discounts and sales are offered for the items when there is few add on of it left or when the seasons are about to change. The pieces of this running apparel are also distributed to retail and department stores. These department stores, such as Sports Authority, Sport Chalet, or Finish Line do provide its customers with discount coupons. For example, if they make a purchase of $100 before tax, they can receive $15 off the final total core. Nike has multiple product items in its product lines, so there is an easiness to determine the price for each. in the midst of the three outfits, Hot Topic is the least expensive because the clothes target a young demographic population who dont have as much money to spend.Even though the clothes are affordable to begin with, the brand always has multiple discounts in store and online. When a new supply of clothes is distributed to the retail stores, the price of clothes that have been there for a couple of months is lowered. There is no such thing as a special(prenominal) style for each season. Abundant deals for any type of clothing attract tweens and teens who are spending their free time shopping and loitering at local shopping malls with friends and family. Teens appeal to stores with signs for deals, sales, clearance, and discounts they want the beaver deals to save their money and allowance. Hot Topic is flexible in determining the price of the products as it acknowledges its young demographic market.A good PROMOTION strategy is vital to increase sales, attract new customers, and maintain frequent shoppers. This entire Chanel wardrobe is pricey because they are promoted as apparel for the rich and powerful. This designer combination of the dress, jacket, belt, and boots is first previewed at an elaborate fashion show. Chanel executives choose a particular preceden t or celebrity who can display the elegance, beauty, and style of each apparel. After the initial preview of a fashion show, the clothes will be advertised in popular fashion magazines Vogue, Elle, In-Style, etc. Each of the advertisements has an elegant theme where the homunculuss are showing the extravagance and beauty that each piece of clothing and accessory offers.The advertisements background is typically a fancy place which captivates wealthy customers. After the initial unveiling at a fashion show, a celebrity may have the opportunity to purchase the outfit before the product is distributed to the boutiques. From this, a celebrity can where this outfit at a celebrity event award show, charity event, or red carpet event. At all of these events, there is paparazzi and fashion news coverage who ask what the celebrity is wearing and who designed it. These celebrity events are widely broadcasted, so thousands of audiences will see the outfit firsthand. After the fashion show an d celebrity advertisements, the outfit is be distributed liquid ecstasyly to the Chanel boutiques worldwide.Due to the outfit being part of the 2012 Spring/Summer collection line, Chanel will promote the outfit by placing the entire ensemble in the stores display window, so people on a shopping spree can see. Typically, the best and new outfits are displayed at the front of the store and each piece article of clothing is placed close to each other on the racks and shelves. Due to Nike having the greater target audience between the three, it promotes the products at a higher rate. A marketing team would promote the outfit by advertising in various magazines, billboards, TV channels, sports events, radio, and online. The visual advertisements in magazines, billboards, TV, and the internet may portray an average person running in the clothes. An average person is used to model the running outfit because it needs to be relatable to the customer.Popular athletes also endorse the produc t by wearing them daily or in advertisements because customers want to associate or relate themselves to celebrities Michael Jordan, Roger Federer, Tiger Woods, etc. Beyond the pictures and models, the advertisements include a motivating tilt that encourages everybody to be brisk. These clothes are also advertised online and in newspapers Nike purchases ad space from newspapers and popular websites, such as Facebook, Yahoo, Twitter, etc. which the majority of their target audience views. The federation also puts their advertising statement describing the running apparel and its get aheads on popular radio stations, so people can tune in and listen.However, the main promotion strategy Nike has is at sports events. This outfit is geared towards athletes, so the best promotion strategy is to advertise when sports fans or other athletes are watching. The running clothes main target audience is athletes, so it locates, displays, and advertises itself closest to where all the other at hletes are. There are also sales promotions in newspapers, magazines, and on the radio to attract people who want to purchase the items but cant afford to unless they were at an affordable deal. Hot Topic focuses on artistic expression and a love of music therefore, it would advertise the outfit in music magazines.This fashion brands main attraction is the band t-shirts which is why they are advertised in music magazines, so a band or vocalizers fans can buy their t-shirts. Fans want to support and broadcast their love and appreciation of an artist or music group. Hot Topics slogan is Everything about the music. which is why it is also promoted on the radio and popular music websites. In rank to attracted customers, it would advertise about upcoming sales promotion. A major promoting strategy key is that the clothes have music endorsements or musician and artist sponsors. These musicians and artists sometimes take part in the design and style of the clothes therefore, their fans would be ncreasingly interested to their products. Wherever the particular clothes are placed in the store, the musician, band, or artist would have their name and photo plastered next to the products to capture fans attentions. There are also advertisements at music and art events which is where their primary target audiences spend their social time. The demographic is younger in age, so the brand promotes the clothes with constant sales and deals to attract them. These tweens and teens wouldnt even be able to afford the cheapest item at Chanel. The PLACE or dispersal strategy is vital with making the outfits available when and where customers want them.The Chanel outfit is sold exclusively in their boutiques it isnt sold in department stores or online. As of September 2010, there are only 310 locations worldwide. These Chanel boutiques are only located in high-end shopping malls where the high end customers shop South Coast Plaza, Beverly Hills Mall, etc. Aside from shopping mal ls, these boutiques are placed in high-end fashion districts. A woman who spontaneously decides to go shopping would want to go to Chanel where she feels most comfortable and convenient. These stores wouldnt be placed in low-income cities, such as the Bronx or Compton. The product is only placed in high income cities where its target audience lives.All of the clothes and its accessories are designed and manufactured in Paris, France where its headquarters is located. Once each piece of clothing is manufactured, it is distributed exclusively to each boutique through air-mail. These items are to be handled with care when it is being distributed because a client would not want to pay a high price for a defective item. The Chanel clothes are never in warehouses or outlets because it destroys the luxury aspect of the brand. When each of the products arrives in the boutique, it is first placed in the boutique window where customers can see a look of the entire outfit before they enter the store.The boutique window is the place where customers can have an idea of what they could potentially wear, shop, and purchase. It must be decorated abundantly to attract customers and entice them to walk into the store. Due to the extreme quality and benefit perception of the clothes, the store needs to have an extravagant and contemporary design. The outfit is brand new, so it would be placed near the front of the store in plain sight for the customers to have an easy access. The main factor of Chanel is that it has to be placed in high-income areas where its target audience predominantly lives. Nikes outfit is more affordable and universal, so it is distributed in more diverse areas than Chanel and Hot Topic.Nike has its individual stores placed worldwide however, the products can also be found in department stores, including Nordstrom, Macys, Finish Line, Sports Chalet, etc. Wherever the items are placed, it would be in the athletic or sporting apparel to be easily located. I n the Nike stores, there would be an athletic store theme to attract customers who tend to be athletic and active. These products are placed and distributed to shopping malls where these retail stores are mainly located. When it comes to shopping, people of all incomes would most likely go to the nearby shopping mall which is why the Nike running clothes are dispersed throughout different retail stores.Due to Nike having the perception of quality, stores would place its items within reaching distance on the shelves. Department stores would generally place the Nike products in the middle of the store, so customers can also browse other types of brand items as they try to locate the Nike items. The running items are made in countries outside of the United States, so it would need to be air-mailed and trucked to various parts of the world. If customers want a better deal, they could locate any Nike warehouse and purchase the products outright from there, so they dont have to pay the few extra dollars to cover the truck and transportation costs.Nike has a few outlets where clothes from different sport seasons are placed to allow customers to purchase the items at a discounted rate. Customers across the globe utilize the Nike running brand, so the clothes and shoes are also sold online through the Nike website or the individual retail stores websites. Nike understands that its items are highly universal to all age and ethnic groups therefore, it considers multiple locations to sell their running apparel. Hot Topics target audience is smaller due to their younger age. approximately tweens and teens spend their free time at shopping malls where the stores are located. The store has an artistic, dark, music theme which encompasses the types of customers.The pants are hanging on racks near the back of the store because they arent as important as the tops and t-shirts. The t-shirts are folded and displayed on the walls of the stores back tooth glass coverings. A cu stomer can walk up to the side of an entire wall, look at the different graphics and designs, and locate it on the shelves underneath the glass casings. The plug earrings are placed in the middle of the store in a large glass case near the cash register, so employees can keep an eye on the jewelry. The products are manufactured outside of the United States, so it has to be air-mailed and trucked to the different 642 locations only in the United States and Canada.The clothes are mass produced, so the clothes are first sent to warehouses that then set a certain supply amount of the clothes to each of the stores. These products are also sold online at their exclusive website where additional items are found because they arent sold in stores. There are also a few outlets because the brand needs to be affordable for the younger population. When comparing the place of all three competitors, Nike has the best distribution because it has a more universal audience based on age, geography, e thnicity, and social class. 4. When comparing the competitors web sites, Chanel has a well-thought design but is the least user cozy of the three. The site is easy to maneuver through, but it isnt as unsophisticated as Nike or Hot Topic.The websites design is based on the clothing season and separated by outfits rather than separating each product by tops, bottoms, dresses, etc. as other clothing websites do. It appears as if Chanel is set on which article of clothing matches with each other. For example, a certain dress can only be worn with a particular jacket, belt, or shoes. The website doesnt appear to allow a customer to mix and match the apparel to their liking. When a user clicks each individual outfit, there is an excellent screen shot and display of a model walking on the runway. Whichever direction the mouse cursor moves, the web page would follow the motion and give a better view of the entire outfit.For example, after a person clicks on the initial outfit come to, a large screen shot would appear that covers the whole page. When they would move the mouse cursor down, they could see the rest of the outfit, such as the shoes. With each outfit, there is a short description of each article of clothings fabric and material. The website provides most of the require information for the outfit, except for the price. They dont include the price because only the rich and wealthy would shop at Chanel, and they have enough money to not care or consider the price as most other shoppers. Due to Chanels target audience as high-end customers who are fashionistas, the website also includes footage of multiple fashion shows where they can view the different apparel and styles.Women who shop at Chanel tend to care about fashion, so the website is interactive in allowing them to view exclusive fashion shows and see pictures and footage of the workings inside the Chanel studio. There is a Chanel News link that keeps loyal Chanel customers up-to-date on any upcom ing events and gives them exclusive behind the scene workings. If a user wanted to stay updated on the clothing line, they can subscribe to the website to be notified of any new products. Aside from the clothes, the website provides a store locator based on the geographic world region. Chanels website is unique because it has a different design and theme due to it not providing users the ability to purchase the items online.It gives off the true essence of how important fashion is to some women. When entering the Nike website, the user has to first select a language than the country which applies to them. This shows the universal and global effect of this brand. The site is user friendly as it separates each product into the sport it associates with. Running shoes or apparel would be found in the link for running while basketball shorts would be found under the basketball link. The website is more than just shopping for apparel. There is a link for customers to shop individually, an d there are individual site golf links where people who are interested in different sports can click.For example, if one were to click the running site, there would be a narrow range of products to shop from. Also, there are training tips, events, news, and footage. This website would be the most user friendly in likeness of the three because it considers the different types of users and their individual needs. For example, there is a list of shoe options a customer can choose from. They can choose footwear for their different foot condition and the degree of support they need. Even though it may be difficult for a consumer to determine which product they need from all of the options, it is better to allow the different factors for people who are short or tall, flatfooted, and sort outweight or plus sized.A user can easily choose between the links if they were to shop for tops, shoes, gear, fan gear, bottoms, or shirts. Each of the products has descriptions where it discusses the products benefits, fit, fabric, design, origins, and directions on after-care. Along with the products highlights, the website shares vauntd technology, such as how Dri-FIT works. There are also size charts to help customers figure out their most suitable measurements. Customers have the capability of posting and reading reviews where consumers rate the product based on its size, fit, comfort, and durability. The videos that the website provides show average people in the Nike products running and exercising in everyday places.Since customers can purchase items online, they have the ability to check their order status and know where it is in the processing procedures. Athletes are under physical and mental pressure when they are training, so the website provides motivational and encouraging quotes and expressions. At the bottom of the webpage, there is a link to find the nearest store location to the user. There is also an opportunity for people to take pictures and send them to Ni ke about how they keep active and healthy. Users can also follow Nike through Twitter and YouTube. Hot Topic is also user friendly because it has a younger target audience. The website has more options and functions apart from buying apparel because younger generations are more tech savvy.It is easy for a user to locate their needs because the clothing, accessories, and shoes are split up into categories at the top of the webpage New Arrivals, Clothing, T-shirts, Denim, Accessories, and Shoes. There is also an option to choose what a user wants to see, such as male, female, or unisex apparel. The products are easily narrowed into subcategories of tops, bottoms, dresses, hoodies, swim, intimates, and kid sizes. The site provides a size chart to allow users to figure out which size is most suitable to their personal measurements. Next to the tabs that testify the clothes, there is a link for deals and clearance items. All the deals that the store is currently offering are largely ad vertised in red font that jumps from the black background color.The deals are the first to be seen when a user uses the website. If a user wanted a specific band t-shirt, there is a feature at the bottom of the webpage to shop by their favorite artist. Also at the bottom of the webpage, there are clothes being advertised as Girls & Guys Most Wanted. It is a way to further advertise a popular item. Whatever band, artist, or musician is trending at the time, the website shows the pictures and links of top artists, so a user is automatically sent to view products associated with that group or person. When a user chooses a particular item, there is a brief description of the item portraying the fabric, graphics, price, and directions on how to care for the product.Beyond the apparel, there are news and videos about certain bands which include music videos or exclusive interviews. The website allows a user to find the nearest store from their location. There is also a wish list feature where a person can put certain items on that list and send them to friends and family who can view it. There are quick links to YouTube, MySpace, Facebook, and Twitter. A person can also have the opportunity to learn about ponders and model opportunities. Hot Topic has links about the stores purpose and social obligation. 5. A survey was given to fifteen women of different ages, who have various fashion styles, to get an idea if the three competitors successfully established themselves in the fashion industry.These women are a mix of those who know about the fashion industry, are clueless about fashion, love to be stylish, and dont care what they wear. 1. When purchasing an outfit, which competitor provides the best quality? a. Coco Chanel80% b. Nike, Inc. 13. 33% c. Hot Topic6. 67% 2. Which competitor has the best deals for its brand of clothes? a. Coco Chanel0% b. Nike, Inc. 66. 67% c. Hot Topic33. 33% 3. Who is Hot Topics target audience? a. Music lovers13. 33% b. Goths66. 67% c. Artists0% d. Fashionistas0% e. Other20% 4. Which competitor is more universal? a. Coco Chanel0% b. Nike, Inc. 100% c. Hot Topic0% 5. If you were to receive money for a shopping spree, which competitor would you choose to shop at? a. Coco Chanel53. 34% b. Nike, Inc. 33. 33% c. Hot Topic13. 33%Based on the response sections, it does appear that the competitors position themselves accurately to their main target audience. However, the majority of the sail believed that Chanel provided the best quality of the three. The younger and older demographic seemed to share the same perception of Chanels quality which may be a result of its brand image and high prices. The two who chose Nike said it had better quality because it was more suitable to their needs they both are twenty years old. The only person who chose Hot Topic to have the better quality only shops at that store and is biased because she has a dislike of designer fashion brands. Due to it being a top fashion line, Chanel i s successful in setting itself as a quality leader.When it comes to the better deals, nobody chose Chanel as having a good price for its own style of clothing. Even the five older women chose Nike instead because they believed Chanel was pricey. This doesnt affect Chanel because they arent trying to be a price leader which is why their prices are through the roof. Their clients are wealthy who dont care too much about the costs, so price isnt one of Chanels top priorities it only sets high prices to keep the concept of riches and luxury. Five women chose Hot Topic as the price leader between the three competitors because they shop at the store on a regular basis. Hot Topic is doing a good job at marketing the products at affordable prices for the younger generations.However, across the spectrum of age and ethnicity, the majority chose Nike as the price leader because it reaches a greater market-place than Hot Topic. Nike targets various types of people, so they are more knowledgeab le about the products than those of Hot Topic which targets strictly a younger demographic. Hot Topics mission statement is about enabling kids to express themselves musically and artistically. The company expects its target consumers to see them as one who allows people to share their appreciation of music and art. However, less than 15% of the poll shows people believing that the companys consumers are music lovers. The two who answered that the store is designed for music lovers are knowledgeable about the store and shop there frequently.Aside from music, nobody believed that the brand was geared towards those who loved art. oer 65% of the poll assumes that Goths wear the clothes due to its black, dark, bold styles. People within the age of Hot Topics target consumers had a different view of the store than the actual company. Even though these people range in usage rate of Hot Topics clothes, they know about the style and products, but they stereotype the typical consumers. The t hree young girls who chose other shop at this store on a regular basis, but they dont have any knowledge about what the company is trying to project to its audience. When asked which competitor is the most universal, all fifteen women chose Nike.They understand and agree with Nikes mission to affect and influence different type of consumers globally. They know that more people of different backgrounds, religions, ethnicity, income, etc. purchase Nike goods rather than the upmarket apparel of Chanel and the musical styling of Hot Topic. Therefore, Nike is doing an excellent job when they are internationally expanding their 452 worldwide while Chanel is a company with only 310 stores worldwide. Nikes ability to target a large market-place justifies their goal of change magnitude the number of stores to 738 between 2010 and 2015. If the fifteen women received free money to go on a shopping spree, they fit straight off into each of the competitors target audiences.The women who fit i nto Chanels target range of being at least thirty years old or a fashionista chose to have a fun day with Chanel. The other women who chose to purchase from Nike are athletes and dont favor over-priced brand names, such as Chanel. These women want comfort and dont consider the in-style fashion culture. Even though they were to obtain free money, they wanted to purchase as much as they can with the great Nike deals. The few who chose to shop at Hot Topic are frequent shoppers. They are not fashionistas or athletes. They are nineteen years old with a love art, music, and free expression. In the end, all three competitors are successful in reaching their main target audiences. 6. CHANEL SWOT depth psychology STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES Reputation * Quality * Brand image * Wealthy target market * High demand & popularity * Fashion industry knowledge * Value added products * International alliance * Elegant, sophisticated, luxury Concept * Knowledgeable employees * Exclusively owned designs (Tweed Fabric, embroidery, decorative chain, button) * Small target market * High Price * Exclusively for women * Recession * Limited ware Designs OPPORTUNITIES THREATS * Expand design production * Increase ad campaigns * Target new audiences Men * Counterfeits * Similar design by competitors * Cheaper competitors * Change in fashion trendSince Chanel was founded in 1909, it has accomplished an exquisite reputation of quality, beauty, and luxury in the fashion industry. The popularity of this brand is the reason why it has been strong for a long time. Even people who dont shop at Chanel know about the clothing line and believe in its products extreme quality. The greatest lastingness Chanel has is its brand image which entices women to purchase and desire the extravagant products. Women mainly purchase the Chanel items in order to show other women that they are wearing Chanel, which is why the brand mark needs to be visible. As of 2010, Chanels net income is 280. 3 million and rev enue is 1. 809 billion.The reason for its financial and fashion success is its wealthy target market of high income women and celebrities. Even men who dont know anything about the fashion industry know that Chanel is popular for women. This brand is one of the top fashion designers, so it has an extended knowledge of the industry current styles, marketable designs, and clothing production. The brand image, quality, and reputation of Chanel add value to its products for women who are fashionistas and all about brand names because they love the elegant, sophisticated, luxury concept. It is an international company, so it is able to reach its wealthy clients globally.The employees must be knowledgeable about the popular fashions, have an artistic, creative vision, and understand the benefits of each article of clothing. Chanel exclusively owns certain fabrics and designs that competitors do not have tweed fabric, decorative chain, distinguished button, and detailed embroidery. Even th ough Chanel has wealthy customers, the fact that their target market is small is a weakness. Statistically, there is less high income than middle income or low income households. Chanel only designs and produces clothes for women, so that narrows its target market further. Other top brand name designers, such as Gucci or Louis Vuitton, advertise to male and female shoppers.Chanels small consumer percentage limits its capabilities of expanding and selling to a larger audience. This company also limits itself when it comes to the production designs. The clothes that it designs are similar to each other. There hasnt been much room for new styles, fabrics, or designs. With the economy suffering the past several years, the companys high prices decrease the number of sales. When people are trying to save money, they are more likely to refrain from purchasing fruitless items and luxuries. With Chanel being trendy and influential in the fashion industry, they have opportunities to experimen t. The company can attempt at expanding its design production.Instead of strictly designing the typical types of styles, it can add a few different styles, so it can target a larger audience group. In order to expand its company to have a wider range, it could produce apparel for men in addition to the existing mens fragrance. This way, it attracts a larger scope of wealthy males and females. If it were to expand its designs, target audience, and production, the brand would increase its ad campaigns to men magazines, TV shows, and male celebrities. One threat that Chanel and most companies in the fashion industry faces is the possible change in fashion trends. A particular style of clothing or brand may only be popular for a short period of time.Even though Chanel has sustained its popularity for over a century, it needs to keep in mind that fashion is continuously changing. It has to be updated and advertised to a large range of people. If the company doesnt take the opportunity t o expand on its scope of style, other competitors may come out with similar designs. With these similar designs, competitors will offer a lower price than Chanel. Chanel would currently have more consumers, but the high prices hold many people back. With fashion, people always want to have a certain product from a designer, but they may not be able to afford it. Top designer companies have the threat of counterfeit products. For example, a Chanel handbag costs at least $1,000 however, a person can sell that same imposter bag for $10.It is hard for some to tell the difference between a counterfeit and authentic item without proper investigation. 7. Chanel has an excellent customer relationship watchfulness style when it comes to dealing with their loyal customers. Once customers make their first purchase, usually with a credit card, their information is captured in their information base, so employees can look back to see what was purchased. This data base allows the company to lo cate their customers locations and highlight any similar products that may interest the customer in the future. This information gathers radical demographic information, frequency of purchase, price of the purchase, and distance from their home to the boutique. On the ompanys website, fashionistas or loyal customers are able to subscribe to the site in order to be alerted on new fashion/accessories, fragrance/makeup/skincare, and fine jewelry/watches arrivals. Customers feel they have an insider look and importance. However, there is a legal statement on the webpage for users to understand that the company isnt liable for any risk that a user may face. Aside from the email list, the top priority customers receive a personal letter or promise call to invite them to the store to preview a new collection. In addition, Chanels knowledge anxiety is strong in bringing customers back. Women appreciate the feeling of being important and special which is why interaction between a company representative and the customer is important.Most of the customers are loyal, so this allows a representative to build a relationship with a customer and further understand their needs, wants, and desires. As far as I can tell, I believe that Chanel has a better customer relationship management than Nike and Hot Topic because it has a smaller target audience that they can place more emphasis and concentration on. A smaller range of customers allows the employees to interact with customers on a personal level. Chanel, Nike, and Hot Topic address the lifetime value that their customers represent. All three have an after care service where they can either go on the website or return to the store if they have any questions. The three competitors deal with their customers in their own way.Chanel has a personal relationship interaction with its clients Nike gives customers frequent purchaser awards Hot Topic has a friendly service where it gives customers the will to return and purchase f rom the company in the future. 8. When it comes to a community outreach program, Chanel hosts charity events for different causes. They tend to have fashion shows or benefit dinners where celebrities host, attend, or advertise the event to attract people to attend or donate. For example, Chanel had a benefit dinner with Kate Hudson for the Natural Resources Defense Councils Ocean Initiative. All the money received from ticket attendance went straight to the charity. Nike addresses the societal marketing concept better than Chanel.The company has charity events, similar to Chanel, where celebrities attend dinners and shows the profits from the tickets directly fund some charitable cause. Besides the charity events, the company believes in recycling. In 1993, Nike started their Reuse-a-Shoe program in an effort to keep their shoes out of landfills. Over the past nineteen years since this program begun, it was able to recycle over one and a half million pairs of shoes each year. The sh oes and clothes that it produces are all recyclable in order to help clean up the environment. Nike also builds basketball courts and outdoor activity areas for schools and the Boys and Girls Club.On Hot Topics website, there is a link to help users learn about the companys social responsibility. They make sure to provide their customers with products produced legally and responsibly. The company has each manufacturer and product provider abide to their strict standards that prohibit forced labor, child labor, harassment, and abuse. Hot Topic ensures that employers provide health, safety, sufficient wages, and benefits to employees. 9. Since the downturn of the economy in 2005, Chanel had some difficulty. People during those times lost their jobs or were fearful of their termination. As a result, many started to save money by cutting out any unnecessary spending of luxurious that included Chanel products.The companys revenue declined for a few years however, as the economy is slowl y recovering, the revenue is increasing gradually. The main reason for its short decline in profit is its small target audience becoming smaller and prices remained expensive. Nike had its own share of hardship as its steady revenue dropped drastically in the beginning of 2009. Even though Nikes products are more universal and targets a larger audience than Chanel and Hot Topic, it couldnt escape the fact that people ceased to shop for clothes during the recession. Since that huge drop in 2009, Nike has positively gained much profit. As the years go by, its income statement shows that their income and profits are increasing by several hundred thousands of dollars.For Nike to increase its profits and keep its sustainability, it reduced its expenses thirty to fifty percent. Chanel is growing back to what it sooner was before the recession, while Nike has continued to soar since the company was founded in 1964. Hot Topic was founded in 1988 and reached great success starting in 2000. It was doing well until the downturn of the economy. The companys main consumers are tweens and teens which are the reasons why it has a challenging time gaining back its past success. As the years go by, the income statement shows that the companys total revenue is decreasing. In January 2011, it peaked at its greatest operating loss however in January 2012, it decreased that amount but is still operating at a loss.Hot Topic is attempting at earning back its profits by attracting people with constant deals which have been working at a slow pace. 10. Personal or relationship selling affects the final consumer who buys the Chanel outfit. Chanel requires all the different supplies of the final product to comply with certain guidelines and rules. The company verifies its supply chain. It is constantly verifying its supply chains to address risks of any human trafficking and slavery. They research their suppliers because they dont take part in forced labor. Chanel also conducts selected audits of suppliers, including audits about the conditions of work and the use of forced labor.They conduct internal and external audits that may or may not be announced prior to the investigation. Training is also provided for employees with direct responsibility for supply chain management. In the facilitating functions, Chanel researches its channel members through audits and extends credit and other financial services to facilitate the flow of goods through the channel to the final consumer. During the transactional functions, they inter-group communication potential customers, promote products, and solicit orders. They also negotiation how many goods or services to buy and sell, so they dont have an oversupply of goods because their target audience is smaller than other clothing boutiques.They also select the type of transportation to use which is presumably air-mail because the outfit is primarily manufactured in France. There are trucking distributions, but the items are ca refully packaged to ensure safety. The outfits are delivered prior to the start of the season that it is being sold in, so top priority customers can have the first look. Chanel also assumes risk of owning any inventory because some pieces of the outfit may not be as popular as the other. 11. Chanels best clients are frequent customers. They arent necessarily categorized as being only high dollar people because all of the shoppers are wealthy. This company is a designer line, so its preferred customers are constantly making purchases.When it comes to the outfit comprised of the boots, dress, jacket, and belt, Chanel could get their frequent customers to order more by sending them letters, emails, notices, or phone calls about a new arrival of clothing or accessories that may be to their liking. Chanel employees would be able to collect customers information from their data storage and segment which new products can be associated and sold to a particular shopper. For example, this pa rticular outfit is all white, so an employee can suggest to whoever purchased the clothes to buy a matching handbag, sunglasses, hat, broach, or scarf. These women are top paying fashionistas who trust the knowledge of people working in the fashion industry, so they would be more inclined to purchase items that can be easily incorporated into their outfit.From this, Chanel can suggest outfits to these customers during every different season they can suggest a new particular jacket, dress, shoes, or accessory. 12. Personally being into fashion, I love the extravagance and beauty that Chanels campaigns exude. The photography and its design are exquisite. I dont have a favorite ad in mind, but I love the ads where the photos are taken in outdoor scenery. The nature setting is captivating because the beauty of nature is combined with the apparels beauty. I love art, so I favor the black and white ads. Black and white photos seem to have a unique, elegant, and classy feeling because its vintage. Chanel also tends to have advertisements where a model would be in a dark room and have the light shine on her while shes wearing the clothes.The dark room makes the audience automatically draw their eyes to the bright light illuminating from the Chanel clothes. Overall, I believe that the photography and lighting of the campaigns play a bigger role than the background scenery. The way the light shines on the models make them appear to be a doll and completely flawless. I assume that I love the Chanel advertisement campaigns because I yearn for the companys luxurious clothes along with the beauty and elegance that it provides customers. If I had the money, I know that I would be a loyal, frequent customer. Nikes ad campaigns are realistic, encouraging, and motivational. My favorite Nike advertisements are of photos that capture natural, regular athletes in their movement.I love reckon the different body movements, whether it is of them running, dancing, or stretching. The photos are taken in great detail, so you can see each movement that the athlete makes. The body movements give a sense of abstract artwork which I admire. The appearance of an athletes easy movements with Nikes inspiring quotes is very motivational. I feel as if Nike does a better job than the three competitors at engaging and relating to their audiences. Sometimes, I appreciate a simple ad that captures a certain moment without any need of being over detailed or having popular celebrities. The Nike ad campaigns tend to have more computer graphics design with colors that are truly captivating.The motivational lecture make me feel as if it is just simple to get up and do a physical activity, even though it may not be. With TV commercials, the company has a narrator dictate similar encouraging quotes in a voice that is too powerful to ignore. I am impressed with how simple Nikes advertising campaign can be however, it i