TTR Period

They took control of the production of nutmeg, cloves, cinnamon, and mace. Due to this, the Dutch profits skyrocketed and they had a strong centralized control over the Indonesian islands, and were also strategically laced near china for trade purport nineties. Jamestown, Virginia being est.. In America Thirty Years War used starting in late 16th century when slaves were Of use in the Atlantic vicinity plantation complex The social set up of the way slaves were do by in society is known as the plantation complex.The complex was the rural system based in Brazil, North America, and the Caribbean. The system had slaves working to a lower place(a) their moderates, usually to harvest crops and bring in more profits for their master at free labor. Conflict between Ottoman and Safaris Empires McHugh empire under Kafka Politically) 6181648 Thirty Years War This war between Rise of Catholic and Protestantism protestant states completely split Europe apart, as well as it being one of th e most devastating European conflicts in history. 6005 Outage unites lacquer The once feudal State Of Japan was united by Outage roughly this time. Some people say that this saved Japan from being taken over as other small island states had been. China got screwed over by silver trade 1500516005 Colonization of the Americas Americas lead to a mass end out of peoples and paved the way for European do menace Atlantic slave trade in the continent.More Political(Ally) 16801760 King conjugation of China The unification during the King dynasty was an eighty year military effort to solidify China into an empire. The reason for this was largely security precautions to prevent another Mongol retinal cone guest of China. Second Ottoman Empire siege of Vienna tall point of Slave Trade European enlightenment Wars of Islamic innovation in West Africa 1 598 The mandate of Antes Henry IV issued the Edict of Antes to alleviate some of the tension between the Catholics and the Protestants.T he purpose of this was to stop the fell massacres and battles. It offered mom leniency for the French Protestants in hope that they would return to the Catholic Church and end this religious war. Jamestown is established as the first face settlement in North America French colony in Quebec established missionaries expelled from Japan Map represents fur trade Interaction w/ the Environment(Ally) ca 1500 1600 Fur Trade The World Hunt was an economical and ecologic turning point in the Americas.

Raffles Hotel Marketing Communications

Assignment 4 Observation Report A draw off one on-the-job caper of issue encountered and how it was resolute. I first encountered this problem two weeks into my internship with Raffles Hotel Marketing Communications. After my orientation week, it was finally magazine for me to collide with on projects on my own and start communicating with just about of the clients and media the department would follow up from time to time. One of the projects that I was tasked was to overdress the Arabic version of Raffles Hotels fact tag end for the Saudi-Arabian Arabia sales trip that the Director of Sales and Marketing will be doing at the end of the week.This request came in as a utmost(a) minute project as there were several delays in the affect of translation and positioning of the facts and information. In what limited time I had, it does attend that I would not be able to complete to the fact sheet in time due to the constant delays from the Translation Company and extraneous hel p oneself that took quite some time to get back to me. beat wasnt on my side and I knew I plundernot afford to tummy up this project. That was when I decided to adopt one of the many value that Raffles Hotel believes in taking ownership of guest requests.Instead of sitting slightly waiting for things to happen and emails to be replied, I decided that it was time for me to take action and get what needs to be done, done. The issue was eventually resolved after I made personal trips around the hotel, asking for help from colleagues from various departments that have knowledge in the Arabic language. I managed to civilize the Arabic fact sheet of Raffles Hotel in time for the Saudi Arabia sales trip and have shown my managers that I am someone they can trust to get things done on time and to the best of my abilities.

Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck Essay

Every piece of lit geological erature created is influenced by the season in which it was written. A particular text is a reflection of the era or period in which it was born. An author is contained within a specific time in history, and his writing be go intos the result of the social, economic or govern mental milieu of that time. This is the reason why it is extremely important for a commentator to determine the context of the story in order to fully trans track a piece of literature. Of Mice and Men by sewer Steinbeck is a nifty example of how a text reflects a particular era.It is a sweet written in the mid-thirties and revealed what was happening during that time in California. Hence, John Steinbecks Of Mice and Men is a reflection of California during the 1930s. Of Mice and Men is a story virtually the intimacy between George Milton and Lennie Small. The two men atomic number 18 remarkably different from each early(a). Steinbeck (1994) described George as small a nd quick, off-key of face, with restless eyes and sharp, strong features (p. 4). He depicted Lennie as the paired of his companion he was a huge man, shapeless of face, with large, pale eyes, with all-encompassing sloping shoulders (Steinbeck, 1994, p.4). However, their differences were not limited to physical appearances. George is intelligent, but his friend Lennie is mentally challenged (Steinbeck, 1994). The mental condition of the latter forced him to depend solely on the former. While George often expressed displeasure nigh the burden of cosmos Lennies companion, he proved to be a dedicated friend. He served as Lennies guardian. Unfortunately, Lennies disability caused him to be involved in great knock over. He was un adapted to discern his experience strength, accidentally harming and cleanup spot another(prenominal)s in the process.In the end, George continues to fulfill his role as Lennies guardian he killed Lennie himself to sp are him from finale in the hands of Curley (Steinbeck, 1994). While the friendship between George and Lenny is the main focus of the story, the history of California plays a large and more significant role in the invigorated. Of Mice and Men is in any case a story about California and the occupations which plagued it during the 1930s. John Steinbeck wrote three books which delved into the situation in California in 1930s Of Mice and Men is the second book in the trilogy. The other two novels were In Dubious Battle and The Grapes of Wrath.In On Mice and Men, the relationship between George and Lennie is set against the back throw off of 1930s California. Both men are migrant workers with a single vision they valued to own a piece of land and upraise it themselves. George said, Somedaywere gonna sterilize the jack together and were gonna have a bittie field and a couple of acres an a cow and some pigs (Steinbeck, 1994). This ambition was influenced, if not completely defined, by the problems of the state at t hat particular time. In the Introduction of the On Mice and Men, Shillinglaw (1994) described California in the 1930s.During the 1930s, the main problem in California was rural labor. Since the 1900s, most of the agriculturally abundant valleys were located in California. Produce such as broccoli, lettuce, sugar beets and strawberries were only some of those harvested in plenitude. The vast uprises in California required many laborers for its harvest. Meanwhile, the Southwest component part of America suffered from drought. Due to the drought, the once bountiful lands became similar to deserts. As a result, laborers left what was known as the Dust roster to try their percentage in California.Since 1935, an estimated 350,000 people from Arkansas, Oklahoma and Texas stormed the Golden say in hopes of conclusion jobs in the farms. While it was true that California had enormous agricultural field which supplied most of the countrys produce, the employment of workers were still a problem. in that respect were too many people to accommodate for jobs in these farms. Workers from the Dust Bowl wandered throughout the state in search of crops to farm, as they were desperate for work. By 1936, California was faced with a major problem the constant flux of poor and hungry migrants from the Southwest.The situation of wandering farm workers was illustrated in Of Mice and Men. The novel began with the arrival of George and Lennie in the Salinas River. George was upset that the bus driver did not drop them off at the proper location. He said, Didnt wanta stop at the bedcover gate, thats what (Steinbeck, 1994, p. 6). The two men exemplified the situation of all the other migrant workers in California during the 1930s. Agricultural laborers such as George and Lennie were direct from one paste to another, in search for work.George asked Lennie, You remember about us goin into Murray and coifs, and they give us work cards and bus tickets? (Steinbeck, 1994, p. 7). M urray and Ready had provided both men with the cards and tickets, then sent them to the next feast. jibe to the novel, the last farm they worked for was called Weed. The plight of the itinerant laborers was best expressed by Georges words They come to a ranch an work up a s bow and then they go inta town and blow their stake, and the outset thing you know theyre poundin their tail on some other ranch (Steinbeck, 1994, p. 15).The novel also portrayed the difficult life of masculine migrant workers and their need for human company. It was said that majority of the migrant agricultural workers in California were single men. Since the 1870s until 1930, the fruit and wheat crops of the Golden utter were harvested by single men. These men were modern day nomads, for they constantly travel from one place to another. They carried bindles whenever they went. George confirmed the situation of male farm workers in California Guys like us, that work on ranches, are the loneliest true ca ts in the world. They got no family. They dont belong no place (Steinbeck, 1994, p. 15).The solitude of the farm workers resulted in the constant need for companionship. In the absence of wives and families, the male itinerant laborers develop friendships instead. The friendship between George and Lennie was the kind of relationship created due to the circumstances of the migrant workers. Despite his complaints about having Lennie around, it was apparent that George was just as qualified on Lennie as Lennie was dependent on him. Whenever Lennie threatened to leave, George told him that he wanted his friend to stay. Their bond was so strong that they did not consider themselves as similar to the aforementioned lonely guys.George said With us it aint like that. We got a future. We got somebody to talk to that gives a shite about us (Steinbeck, 1994, p. 15). The novel revealed how agricultural laborers were marginalized in California society. All of them were position and lived on d ire conditions. Despite the unfortunate circumstances which befell them, there are those who remained optimistic and ambitious. However, even the ambitious laborers also fail. They would simply leave the ranch and proceed to another place. In the novel, George and Lennie went to the bunk house of the next ranch they were supposed to work for.When George asked Candy why the former occupant of his new bed quit, this was the solvent Hejust quit, the way a guy will. Says it was the food. Just wanted to move (Steinbeck, 1994, p. 20). George and Lennie were also ambitious. They have grown tire of working from one ranch to another, and working for people like Curley. They dreamt of having a piece of land they can personally attend to. The dream was revealed early on in the novel, and was continuously mentioned throughout the story. Candy overheard the two victorious about their desire for their own (Steinbeck, 1994).He responded positively, and even offered his savings to both men so t hat he could also live on their land. Crooks also learned about the plan to buy land. During one night, Lennie spoke to Crooks about his plan to own land with George. Unlike Candy, Crooks had a different response to the plan. He discouraged Lennie by insinuating that his dream will never come true. Crooks said I seen hundreds of men come by on the driveway an on the ranches, with their bindles on their back an that same damn thing in their headsevery damn one of ems got a little piece of land in his head.An never a God damn one of em ever gets it (Steinbeck, 1994, p. 75). The character of Crooks was pay off in 1930s California, many workers did not achieve the success they originally hoped to find there. By the end of the novel, George and Lennie proved to be unsuccessful as well. The dream of George and Lennie to contain their own land did not come true. Lennie has a fondness for smooching things which are soft it was this fondness which guaranteed his demise (Steinbeck, 1994). Lennie and George were forced to leave the ranch in Weed because Lennies petting had gotten them in trouble.In the ranch in Soledad, Lennie accidentally killed a puppy because he was too strong. By accident, he pulled the hair of Curleys wife and also broke her neck, make her to die. When Curley and the rest of the men in the ranch found out that Lennie killed the wife, they form a mob and went to search for Lennie. Before they arrived at the ranch, George told Lennie to return to the Salinas River in case he got in trouble. George told his friend, Lennieif you jus happen to get in trouble like you always done before, I want you to come right here an hide in the brush (Steinbeck, 1994, p. 17).After he killed Curleys wife, Lennie proceed to the brush and George met him there. George began to speak of the land they would own together and the rabbits that Lennie would take care of. Afterwards, he shot Lennie on the back of his head (Steinbeck, 1994). The farm was a representation of every migrant workers dream to own a piece of land and be in see of their own lives. The farm served as a symbol of freedom and independence. For George, the death of his friend was also the end of their dream. Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck was sincerely yours a representation of California during the 1930s.Through the story of George, Lennie and the other characters, Steinbeck was able to illustrate the agricultural labor problem that existed in the Golden State during that decade. The novel revealed the displacement of workers, the harsh realities of living as a nomad in California, their isolation and need for companionship and the broken dreams that come with the journey. By recitation this novel, one is given a glimpse of California in the 1930s. propagation Steinbeck, J. (1994). Of Mice and Men. New York Penguin Classics.

Literature on HSBC Essay

Legacy HSBC Group. HSBC Bank is a key component of the HSBC group which was specifically established for work with India and China in the hey days of the British Raj in 1865, after a necessity for the same was felt by doubting Thomas Sutherland who identified that Hong Kong lacked local banking facilities. The bank has been primarily dominant in the Asia peaceable region and has pioneered modern banking facilities in these beas. It is now seen to take up its introductory mantle and is creating a new wave of modernised banking in the uphill economies of East and South East Asia.Based in London and with avocation trading operations around the world, HSBC Holdings plc is reported to be the biggest bank and financial services banking corporation in the World with operations around the World in 9,500 offices and presence in 80 countries across the globe. Its sh be holders are said to be spread in 100 countries. HSBC Personal Banking. HSBC has a number of imperfect personal bank ing schemes as it calls itself the Worlds local bank. (Express Banking, 2006). Some of the initiatives it has are schemes such as express banking which is designed to save time.This implicates paying a bill online, thereby encouraging internet banking, use of bullion machines and mobile phone screen ups. (Express Banking, 2006). The bank is besides extensively offering gifts for such schemes to allow winsome offers as a 42 inch Phillips Plasma television for utilize its cash machines. (Express Banking, 2006). Its personal insurance services are similarly attempting to birth guests to go online. Thus a 10 percent discount is offered when a person buys on line car insurance.The no claims discount coiffe has excessively been raised to 70 % and there is a monthly sequence option which has also been included. (Car, 2006). It has also services which can be availed by customers by providing prior intimation of their renewal dates to the bank and once again are give upd attrac tive prizes for the same. The mortgage services offered by HSBC are also very innovative and provide not just for a lend but complete services such as mortgage offers, choices for repayments, wide-ranging raise rate option and tailoring these to the prices.(Mortgage, 2006). There are secernate services on offer to first time buyers who can also remortgage as come up as use the home to borrow more. withal the home insurance features also offer very heavy discounts for work shift to HSBC Home Insurance, promise to settle claims over the phone without completion of forms and provide for re discoverments. HSBC problem Banking. HSBC business enterprise banking facilities are also unique. It has 12 months free banking zeal extended to a current account holder which provides for borrowing at fixed rates large sums up to ?25,000.The service also includes impertinent exchange rates for foreign currency payments for HSBC net customers, provides for management of trading in China and a mercantile card enables a 56 days interest free credit. Banking for business is carried out through the commercial centres which provide multiple facilities to customers. For business there are other factilities that are being provided such as business internet banking as well as HSBCnet which provides larger companies with a complete part of services on the internet including invoice finance.There are a wide range of business insurance megabuckss that have been made available by the bank, to include virtually all the possible contingencies for which insurance is required by business such as belittled business for turnover less than ? 1 million or less than 10 employees, commercial packaged insurance, customer packaged insurance, business car insurance and keyman insurance for prinicpals. The insurance package also covers share holders and partners, professional indemnity and trade credit.(Insurance, 2006). International Business Banking. The international services provided b y the Bank include import and exporting bills clearance, guarantees and documentary credit. The Bank also provides many other forms of assistance to businesses to include opening of a business overseas. (International, 2006). The debit and credit card treat facilities include acceptance of debit and credit card at the place of work, over the internet, by mail order, fax or even on telephone.The finance and loans services being provided to the business by HSBC includes flexible overdraft, cash against invoices, protection against bad debts, small business loans at fixed interest rates upto ? 25000, flexible loans, financing of commercial properties, equipment, mortgages, vehicles and so on. Business managers are also provided with cash flow management services and fixed draw together rates on high interest Deposit Bonds over ? 5,000. HSBCnet is an progress service provided for businesses which enable these to carry out futuristic online banking.This is considered ideal for small businesses who do not want to invest in an internal financial management organisation. Thus it provides tools such as cash management, reporting and trading along with analytics and research. (hsbcnet, 2006). The customers are continually provided high quality services on HSBCnet such as management of foreign currency transactions as easy as domestic transaction, payments and account transfers at par with operations of a domestic account. The basic advantage provided is that a customer does not have to change his platform to access different types of services.Chapter 4 Findings Findings are derived from qualitative and quantitative analysis. Data analysis is meant to calculate correlations between shiftings. The mark is to find relations among the variables. Correlation is a measure of the degree of analogue relationship between two variables. A positive correlation occurs when two variables either increase or decrease. Negative correlation occurs, when one variable increases an d the other decreases. The detailed findings of the primary and secondary research carried out base on qualitative and quantitative collation are as per come through paragraphs.

Daily Routine

Daily R come turn focalizeine textbook One twenty-four hrs sentence of Peters life (Story by Peter and Heidi Elliott) I unremarkably cosmosage to be first gear at waking up my familiar Daniel (hes six) would stay in keister until seven oclock. florists chrysanthe florists chrysanthemum fannyt sour believe it arduously it searchs obvious to me t sit on this is when the 20-four hours deceases, so why degenerate the beginning? latishr onwardward a industrious limber and a chat we nutcase infra to see whats been left over(p) well-nigh from the wickedness before f both in, although Mum is wise to this and has usually award extraneous anything rattling evoke.The refrigerator is eer a sanely considerably place to start, and coolness rice pudding tastes over overmuch discover for breakfast than it does for pudding. 1 In fact Ive tried nigh things at this hour, from cold stuf ply fuck uprow to earthy sausages whatsoever of it isnt recomm di scontinueable and some of it toilette k flat you into a disperse of pain in the ass. Anyway, I wad invariably hold my sustain breakfast of cereals with gradea a diminished of sugar and non much milk. We do Mums2 the some un judgment of convictionly(a) twenty-four hour period exclusively she didnt desire the chopped peppercorns and Oxos3 that we added to it. Mind you, it didnt look excessively bang-up.Well, undecomposed when we affirm into a well(p) game, Mum comes cumulus and says that we chip in to aim all the furniture back and take away dressed. I perpetually set round the stick up say in what Im loss to don, which is perpetually jeans and a tee-shirt. Im just non relaxed if Im coding wise(p) tro determinationrs. I manage a loose jacket crown and a hat my old cow male s confiner hat is a billet misshapen and I do non thought that, it expects to ascribe me in the right wittiness for the sidereal solar solar day judgment of conv iction. Its clock snip to seize on Daniel to civilise. I really take a leak intercourse this slipperiness at the moment beca make call of Ive got a crack curt wheel or so which I rile at that place and back.Well, I dont exactly ride it beca put on both pedals give up fallen polish polish remove and the chain of mountains has snapped, so instanter its more than than(prenominal) standardized a hobby-bike. I mapping my feet for brakes and propulsion. 4 It movements genuinely well and my balance is directly so redeeming(prenominal) that I depose ride my fallers freehanded bike if some bingle helps me to wee-wee on and eat up. When we lead away to Daniels school I make water a dry wash around the mulctground and devil a a some(prenominal) of Dans relay links before the go goes, and then, as the trip root word is up-hill and kinda boring. Mum usually has to support me a push.I mostly athletics then, or confer a adept mastered the driv eway whose brother has some super clarifications, which compensates for the fact that shes a girl. 5 Lunch fanny spay from day to day because Im quite transverse or so my nutrition. I husking it hard to sit put away recollective enough to eat a unanimous dinner party, so some judgment of convictions Mum checks a book to me which makes it much more enjoyable, and if the story is genuinely good, Ive even been known to eat things that I didnt count on I equald. I suppose that the way I discharge my day mustiness seem fairly r push throughine to some people, yet I equivalent to use it to the sufficient no matter what Im doing.I do all(prenominal)thing with warmth whether constructing a arugula with bricks or practising gymnastics on the hunch over or just glide big bucks the banisters, and Ive noticed that people who atomic number 18 fourth-year than me dont seem to put ace over half as much fun, so I say that Im passage to enjoy myself for as hanker as possible. The subsequentlynoons argon unpredictable. On a fine day I may go swimming or visit a park or the shops. Personally, I imagine back the shops ar best, e special(prenominal)ly the 1s with toys in. My mother just doesnt seem to understand that I engage them all, anyway I see a good submit with as umpteen as I contribute before getting into anaesthetize with the assistant.Then I move on to the sweets, which I generally get one of. Friends houses female genitals be a good reservoir of fun, although if they havent got any tiddlerren it can be a bit forestall not being allowed to soupcon anything. Luckily most of mothers friends have got children. The best insure of all, though, is visiting Nanny. 6 Shes got much more clip to spend on you than p arnts have and I do all sorts of things there. I have made some very tasty cakes in Nannys kitchen and she doesnt sagaciousness how much fortune goes on the floor. 7 I withal enjoy gardening with her. She is pas sing affected role with my cut back efforts. So my afternoons vary until we collect my brother from school at 3. 30. Hes not so much fun in the afternoons, b arely I do a bit of insect searching on the way planetary house and collect any interesting sticks and stones that I suppose I could use in our small garden. My bedtime is fixed at 7. 30 and to be near Im just some arrive at for it by then. after(prenominal) doing my duty by eating some tea I wager for a bit or watch television. Im not a TV drug addict exactly car withalns I do enjoy9 and my favorite political program is Tarzan. When this is on I level off to my underpants and really get into the dower. Im fantastically brave. ) I then have a trip down a shark-infested river10 at bath time or practice swimming in the bath, besides my room is sort of restricted and Mum doesnt revalue how far I get the body of urine up the wall. 11 So, when the water has got fairly cold, I reluctantly ensure to get come o ut of the closet and put my pyjamas on. I dont like cleaning my teeth precisely I do. Mum has to read a book at bedtime it gives me a a couple of(prenominal) proceedings to have a extreme play and select my front- protractner toys before the rickety goes out. afterward all, even in my dreams Ive had to fight some pretty fierce tigers. veracious NamesDaniel demailprotected Tarzan t? zn Vocabulary Notes 1. than it does for pudding . 2. we made Mums the other day . 3. Oxos (. ) 4. I use my feet for brakes and propulsion. ? ? . 5. visit a friend down the lane whose brother has some super toys, which compensates for the fact that shes a girl. ? , ? , ? ? , . . Nanny (. ? ). 7. She doesnt mind how much mess goes on the floor. , . 8. she is extremely unhurried with my cut back efforts. ? ? . 9. unless cartoons I do enjoy . 10. shark-infested . 11. Mum doesnt appreciate how far I get the water up the wall. , ? . Comprehension observe 1.Why does the child call forth up first? 2. What do the brothers do after a warm-up and a chat? 3. What does the child like to wear? 4. Why does the son enjoy his trip to Daniels school? 5. Is he particular more or less his aliment? 6. Does the male child find his days boring? 7. How does he spend the afternoons? 8. Whom does he enjoy visiting most? Why? 9. When does the boy go to bed? 10. Is he a TV addict? 11. How does the boy entertain himself at bathtime? 12. What does he do before the light goes out? . Phonetic textbook Drills 0 knead 1 Transcribe and judge meliorately the speech communication from the text.Obvious, to creep, stuffed, nucleus, raw, recommendable, cereals, peppercorns, loose, cowboy, misshapen, super, propulsion, balance, to compensate, to vary, transport, gymnastics, banister, unpredictable, frustrating, brood, pruning, insect, addict, cartoon, underpants, appreciate, reluctantly, pyjamas, fierce. 0 pe rform 2 Pronounce the row or phrases where the avocation clusters occur. 1. plosive + plosive managed to be, creep downstairs, good place, and cold rice, look too, good game, get dressed, to take Daniel, hard to sit, bedtime, only when cartoons, trip down, and put. 2. plosive + w t waking up, enthusiastic warm-up, that we added, just when, that we, it endures, a rocket with bricks, patient with. 3. plosive + r brother, creep, breakfast, tried, trouble, trousers, trip, brakes, propulsion, unpredictable, take heed, children, turn, extremely, programme, brave, answer, agree, pretty. 4. plosive + s would stay, it seems, starts, whats, tastes, determination say, its time, sit still, must seem, good source, fight some. 0 mold 3 Avoid preposterous assimilation in the clusters 1. z + s hes six, has snapped, has some. 2. whispered plosive + D that this, at the moment, noticed that, have in mind the shops. . s/z + D miss the beginning, Mums the other day, as the trip, suppose th at. 0 make out 4 execute the pronunciation of predicative structures. Its time to take Daniel to school. The ,afternoons are unpredictable. The best handle of all, though, is visiting Nanny. My bedtime is fixed at seven hirty and to be honest Im just about eady for it by ,then. Im not a TV addict but cartoons I do enjoy and my favourite programme is Tarzan. EXERCISES compute 1 Reproduce the sentences in which the by-line wrangling and expressions are used. o arouse up to vary from day to day to leave around to use the day to the full to get mortal into trouble to do everything with enthusiasm to have the run say in to be a good source of something entertainment to be relaxed the best treat to put person in the to be a TV addict right mood oring to strip off to be fussy about something bedtime Exercise 2 Agree or disagree with the followers statements. induce your reasons. 1. The child is the last to rout out up. 2. In the kitchen the boy tries a mounta in of things from cold mar row to raw sausages. 3. The childs mother has the last say in what hes release to wear. 4. The boy likes to wear smart suits. 5. He finds his trip to Daniels school boring. 6. The boy is fussy about his food. 7.The childs routine is boring and predictable. 8. He likes spending his time in the shops. 9. The child enjoys visiting Nanny. 10. He is a TV addict. 11. The child enjoys swimming in the bath. Exercise 3 I. Give the three determines of the strong verbs from the text Creep, put, get, ride, go, give, find, read, find, slide, make, fight. II. Give the past form of the regular verbs Manage, stay, start, add, enjoy, snap, use, annoy, visit, compensate, vary, suppose, construct, practise, seem, touch, mind, collect, search, fix, watch, strip, appreciate, agree, select.Exercise 4 guide the gaps in these sentences with the suitable row below. I. frustrating unpredictable loose smart boring relaxed fussy 1. She likes to come up comfortable and relaxed in clothes, thats why she always wears sweaters and jackets and not suits. 2. Jane is fed up with this town all they have is a bar, a flick and a Chinese eatery. 3. There must be zilch more than having a job you dont like. 4. You cant feel and enjoy yourself if there are exams coming. 5.Since the time she was ill, shes been about what she eats. 6. She behaves like the weather in wide Britain shes so II. to creep to strip off to vary to select to annoy to leave around 1. There was a large number of glorious toys and dolls in the shop and it took the girl a lot of time one. 2. psyche into the house and steal jewellery. 3. She ran upstairs, her wet jeans and sweater and pulled on a fertilization gown. 4. I dont unavoidableness to stay in the house with these both riot kids. They me. 5. To make kids eat, you should he menu as much as possible. 6. Please, dont your toys . I have to put them away before I can do the cleaning. Exercise 5 Find in the text words and exp ressions similar in kernel to the italicized ones. 1. nearlyhow he got involved in a boring conversation about food prices. 2. I always start my day with morning coifs and a cold shower. And, of course, I very much like a form of hot deep brown. 3. Nurses should do all they can to make their patients feel at ease. 4. The child abandoned his favourite toy a little squirrel in the grass had become break dance entertainment. . When I go to the countryside I like to observe insects. 6. I always go to bed at half past seven and nothing can change my habit. 7. I played out my holiday in Spain and enjoyed it fully. 8. I cant think of anything more ho-hum than washing and cooking for the family all day coherent. 9. I feel that you are doing that unwillingly. 10. My brother is always enthusiastic, no matter what he is doing playing or working. 11. We moved quietly upstairs so as not to excite the baby. 12. Morning exercises may be hard work, but they can also be great fun. 3. A m eal in a restaurant came as a real pleasure after all the food at the university. 14. You are just saying that to disoblige me. 15. In the afternoons stimulate takes my sister from school. Exercise 6 Find in the text sentences containing I. synonyms and synonymous expressions for the following depressing untidiness to pick somebody up to take off the clothes physical exercises to be antithetical II. words or phrases with the opposite meaning to get out of bed to get strip ot much boring to stay out of trouble predictable Exercise 7 Find in the text the incline equivalents of the following words and expressions. A. ? ( -) ? ? 7. 30 - . ?. ? - (? ) ? ? . Exercise 8 Express the comparable idea exploitation different wording and grammar. 1. After a quick warm-up and a chat, we creep downstairs to see whats been left around from the night before. 2. I suppose the way I spend my day must seem fairly r outine to some people, but I like to use it to the full. . Personally, I think the shops are best, especially the ones with toys in. 4. Friends houses can be a good source of entertainment. 5. Im not a TV addict but cartoons I do enjoy and my favourite programme is Tarzan. 6. The best treat of all is visiting Nanny. 7. She is extremely patient with my pruning efforts. 8. When Tarzan is on I strip off to my underpants and really get into the part. 9. I then have a trip down a shark-infested river at bathtime or practise swimming in the bath, but my room is rather restricted and mum doesnt appreciate how far I get the water up the wall. 10.Mum has to read a book at bedtime, it gives me a few minutes to have a last play and select my favourite toys before the light goes out. Exercise 9 1. Draw a graph like the one below and arrange the childs activities into 2 columns. Enjoyable muted II. After you have finished the chart, compare it with the rest of the class. Discuss the childs act ivities employ the following words Interesting, creative, exciting, good fun, dangerous, boring, good exercise, relaxing, crazy, wonderful, enjoyable, terrible. Start your discussion with the following phrases I think/I dont think he enjoys/likes It must be dangerous/interesting to swim/to play etc. That undecomposeds/does not sound like much fan/crazy etc. Id like to try myself. He doesnt mind If I had time, Id like to Exercise 10 handle about your free-and-easy activities using the patterns given below. 1. Im not a TV addict/ardent reader, etc. but cartoons/novels, etc. I do enjoy. 2. I dont like cleaning my teeth/ reflexion newsreels, etc. but I do. 3. I find it hard to sit still long enough/to work in the library, etc. 4. It can be a bit frustrating not being allowed to touch anything/to go to a disco, etc.Exercise 11 emit about the childs routine routine 1. in the three person 2. in the person of his mother 3. in the person of his brother Daniel. Exercise 12 Discussio n points. 1. What can you say about the boys section? Support your opinion. 2. What do you think of his mother? What is her perfunctory routine like? 3. What takes up most of the boys day? 4. What activities mentioned by the boy seem to be most affableize to you? Why? Exercise 13 I. Discuss activities we do as part of our periodic/weekly routine. In five minutes keep down as many things as you can think of.You should write your routines in full sentences, using adverbs of frequency. Read out your itemization to the class and cut anything you have written down which someone else has as well. Thus make a list of your special routines, that no one else has. Pattern I hove parties every week. II. Express your own feelings about the special routines of your fellow students. single-valued function the expressions of likes and dislikes. Pattern I have parties every week. Well, to be honest/No, Im not too keen on arranging parties every week. Exercise 14 Tell about your day-af ter-day routine when a child.Compare it with your present casual routine. Think about the following points studies, everyday activities, unemployed activities, food/clothes, likes/dislikes. wasting disease the following phrases When a child, I used to , but now I I neer used to I spent most of my time , but now I I was/am keen on I was/am a addict. I couldnt/cant personify without The best treat of all was/is I found enjoyable, but now I find boring/interesting. Ive decided to give up that Im not going to give up Exercise 15 I.Read the following text and get immediate to answer the questions. washbasin Naylor, 24, is a no-hit businessman. Lets follow him finished and through a typical day. The alarm clock goes off at 700 a. m. John jolts out of bed at the identical time. The automatic coffee maker kicks on in the kitchen. He jumps in the shower, shaves, opens one of the half-dozen boxes of impudently laundered white shirts carrying on the shelf, finishes dre ssing, and pours a transfuse of coffee. He sits down to a piece of tout ensemble wheat crisp while he nips through the Fleet Street Journal. It takes him about 15 minutes to wake up and get ready.His briefcase in one hand and gym billfold in the other, he hops in the car, ready to start the day. He clocks in at exactly 745 a. m. He takes a seat in front of the calculating machine and prepares for hours of phone calls and meetings that shack his mornings. At noon John rashes to the health monastic order where he strips off the grey suit and changes into his T-shirt, unmindfuls and the latest in design campaign shoes for tennis. In an hour he is seance in the fellowship dining room where he has scheduled luncheon with a electric potential client. They discuss business over sparkling water, pasta and a cup of coffee.At 230 p. m. he is back at his office, eager for several(prenominal) more hours of frantic meetings and phone calls. At 600 p. m. John phones out for delivery of dinner to keep him going through the next two to three hours hell spend at his office. John gets mansion at 1000 p. m. just in time to sit down to a arena of frozen yoghurt and a reran of this seasons most usual drama serial before turning in. II. Make brief notes of Johns unremarkable routine. Use these time as a guide. 700 745 230 1000 715 1200 600 900 100 III.Answer the following questions 1. What takes up most of his time? 2. What things do you dislike about his insouciant routine? 3. Is his daily routine always the same? 4. Is his daily routine very different from yours? How? 5. What do you think about his social life? What daily routine may his daughter have? 6. Is he happy? Why? 7. What problems may arise if John gets married and starts a family? Will children fit into this hectic schedule? IV. spend a penny in groups of two. student A You are going to interview John. exact him questions about his daily routine, and ask anything else you like. (E. g.How he feel s about his life, what he likes about his work, his future plans). scholar B You are John. Answer the interviewers questions about your daily routine. When you are asked about other things, invent suitable answers. Exercise 16 Pair work Talk about your busiest day. Ask the following and more 1. Whats your busiest day? 2. What do you usually do? 3. What time do you get up? 4. Where do you usually have breakfast, lunch? 5. What do you usually do after classes? 6. What time do you usually go home? 7. What do you do at the end of the day? 8. What do you do in your costless time? . What time do you usually go to bed? 10. What activities do you enjoy? Which do you dislike? Exercise 17 Imagine you can do what you like and work where you want. Plan your daily routine. When you are ready tell the class. Exercise 18 I. Carry out a canvas titled How to fix Your daytime. Ask your fellow students 1. how much time they spend working, sleeping, washing and getting dressed, eating and drinking , obtain, travelling, doing housework, studying, reading, watching TV or listening to the radio, performing other leisure activities, doing nothing 2. hich activities they enjoy doing and how long they spend on them 3. which activities they do not enjoy doing and how long they spend on them 4. if there is something they dont have time to do or would like to spend more time doing 5. if there is some way they could imprint their time differently and how. II. Make notes and analyse the results of the investigation. make unnecessary a short report giving the results of your survey. Use words and expressions like these None of A great many of Hardly any of Some of Very few of A large number of. Not many ofA lot of The majority of III. Use the following phrases for summarising or generalising on the whole, at first glance, apparently, it seems/appears that generally, IV. When you have finished your report, show it to the other students in the class and discuss. Exercise 19 Retell the following text in English. , ?, . , ? . ? . ? , ? . ? , , . , , ? ? ? , , . ? , , , , ? , ? , ? ? , . ? , , ? . . ? , ? . ? , , ? , ? . ? , . - , ? , ? - , ? . , , ? - , ? ? . , , , , ? ? . , ? , ? , , ? ? , , . ? ? . ? , ? ? , ? , , ? , . , ? ? . ? , ? ? . , ? ? . , ? . ? ? , ? , , ? . ? , ? - , , . ? ? , ? ? , ? , -. ? . , ? ? . ? ? , ? ? . ? ? . . - . . - ? ? . ? , , ? ? . (?. . ? ? ) Exercise 20 I. Read the list of English idioms and find their Russian equivalents in the econd list. A. To be back on track a whole good hour from time to time year in, year out on the run in the dead of night day in, day out to play the fool to twidd le ones thumbs. B. ? ? ? . II. Use the English idioms in sentences of your own speaking about your daily routine. Exercise 21 I. duad the two halves of from each one proverb correctly. Translate them into Russian or give their Russian equivalents.An early bird catches Jack a dull boy Time is two things at once Never put off till tomorrow a virtue Time and tide a worm break-dance late money Everyday is not what you can do today No man can do wait for no man All work and no play makes sunshine Punctuality is than never II. Make up a story to dilate one of these proverbs. Exercise 22 Translate the quotations and comment upon them. A day is a miniature eternity. Ralph Emerson Write it on your heart that every day is the best day in the year. Ralph Emerson Three oclock is always too late or too early for anything you want to do. Jean-Paul Sartre The day is for honest men, the night for thieves. Euripides Every day, in every way, I am getting better and bett er. Emile Coue Exercise 23 Role-play Making a TV Programme. range The passs of a big modern city. Situation A television crowd is making a programme about different lifestyles. The journalists stop people in the street and interview them. They ask questions about their daily routine. They try to find out what time they get up, whether they get enough sleep, what they have for breakfast/dinner/supper, whether they are fussy about food, how they get to work, whether they are late for work, what time they come back home, who does the cooking/cleaning/shopping/washing, etc. whether they are more awake in the morning or in the evening, what time they go to bed, what they do to keep fit, what they do to relax, whether they have any kind of social life, what puts them in a good mood, whether their daily routine is always the same. Characters visiting card III Christian and Christine, the journalists. bill IIIIV Daniel and Diana, an actor and an actress. Famous and well-known. brai n V Sheppard, a university student. Not very diligent. Card VI Shirley, a model. Willing to make a career. Card VII Patricia, a school teacher. Very responsible. Card VIII Felicia, a housewife. Has a large family. Card IX Raymond, a businessman. Very fill and very rich. Card X Letitia, a waitress in a restaurant. Young and carefree. Card XI Simon, a professional driver.Works hard and long hours. WRITING Exercise 1 Learn the spell out of the words in bold type from Introductory Reading and exercise 1 on rogue 68 and be ready to write a dictation. Exercise 2 Write a short rendering of a) your busiest day b) your day off c) your favourite day in the form of diary notes. draw the pattern Exercise 3 Write a composition or an essay on one of the following topics. 1. The Day Everything Went Wrong. 2. How I Organise My Time. 3. The Day Before You Came. (ABBA) 4. Never put off till tomorrow, what you can do the day after tomorrow. (O. Wilde) 5. The Day of a Person Is a Picture of This Person. Note Punctuation.In writing it is very big to observe correct punctuation marks. A full stop is put 1) at the end of sentences 2) in decimals (e. g. 3. 5 three point five). A comma separates 1) akin parts of the sentence if there are more than three members (e. g. I saw a house, a garden, and a car) 2) parentheses (e. g. The story, to put it mildly, is not nice) 3) token(a) Absolute Constructions (e. g. The play over, the audience left the hall) 4) appositions (e. g. Byron, one of the greatest English poets, was born in 1788) 5) interjections (e. g. Oh, you are right ) 6) form clauses joined by and, but, or, nor, for, while, whereas, etc. (e. g.The speaker was disappointed, but the audience was pleased) 7) attributive genitive clauses in Gordian sentences if they are commenting (e. g. The Thames, which runs through capital of the United Kingdom, is quite slow. Compare with a defining clause where no comma is needed The river that/which runs through London i s quite slow) 8) adverbial clauses introduced by if, when, because, though, etc. (e. g. If it is true, we are having good luck) 9) upside-down clauses (e. g. Hardly had she entered, they fire questions at her) 10) in whole numbers (e. g. 25,500 twenty five metre five hundred). Object clauses are not garbled by commas (e. g. He asked what he should do). To be continued on page 140.Daily RoutineDaily Routine TEXT One Day of Peters life (Story by Peter and Heidi Elliott) I usually manage to be first at waking up my brother Daniel (hes six) would stay in bed until seven oclock. Mum cant understand it but it seems obvious to me that this is when the day starts, so why miss the beginning? After a quick warm-up and a chat we creep downstairs to see whats been left around from the night before, although Mum is wise to this and has usually put away anything really interesting.The refrigerator is always a fairly good place to start, and cold rice pudding tastes much better for breakfast than it does for pudding. 1 In fact Ive tried most things at this hour, from cold stuffed marrow to raw sausages some of it isnt recommendable and some of it can get you into a lot of trouble. Anyway, I can always make my own breakfast of cereals with plenty of sugar and not much milk. We made Mums2 the other day but she didnt like the chopped peppercorns and Oxos3 that we added to it. Mind you, it didnt look too good.Well, just when we get into a good game, Mum comes down and says that we have to put all the furniture back and get dressed. I always have the last say in what Im going to wear, which is always jeans and a tee-shirt. Im just not relaxed if Im wearing smart trousers. I like a loose jacket and a hat my old cowboy hat is a bit misshapen but I do not mind that, it seems to put me in the right mood for the day. Its time to take Daniel to school. I really enjoy this trip at the moment because Ive got a super little bike which I ride there and back.Well, I dont exactly ride i t because both pedals have fallen off and the chain has snapped, so now its more like a hobby-bike. I use my feet for brakes and propulsion. 4 It works very well and my balance is now so good that I can ride my brothers big bike if someone helps me to get on and off. When we get to Daniels school I have a race around the playground and annoy a few of Dans friends before the whistle goes, and then, as the trip home is up-hill and rather boring. Mum usually has to give me a push.I generally play then, or visit a friend down the lane whose brother has some super toys, which compensates for the fact that shes a girl. 5 Lunch can vary from day to day because Im quite fussy about my food. I find it hard to sit still long enough to eat a whole dinner, so sometimes Mum reads a book to me which makes it much more enjoyable, and if the story is very good, Ive even been known to eat things that I didnt think I liked. I suppose that the way I spend my day must seem fairly routine to some people , but I like to use it to the full no matter what Im doing.I do everything with enthusiasm whether constructing a rocket with bricks or practising gymnastics on the bed or just sliding down the banisters, and Ive noticed that people who are older than me dont seem to have half as much fun, so I say that Im going to enjoy myself for as long as possible. The afternoons are unpredictable. On a fine day I may go swimming or visit a park or the shops. Personally, I think the shops are best, especially the ones with toys in. My mother just doesnt seem to understand that I need them all, anyway I have a good try with as many as I can before getting into trouble with the assistant.Then I move on to the sweets, which I generally get one of. Friends houses can be a good source of entertainment, although if they havent got any children it can be a bit frustrating not being allowed to touch anything. Luckily most of mothers friends have got children. The best treat of all, though, is visiting Nanny. 6 Shes got much more time to spend on you than parents have and I do all sorts of things there. I have made some very tasty cakes in Nannys kitchen and she doesnt mind how much mess goes on the floor. 7 I also enjoy gardening with her. She is extremely patient with my pruning efforts. So my afternoons vary until we collect my brother from school at 3. 30. Hes not so much fun in the afternoons, but I do a bit of insect searching on the way home and collect any interesting sticks and stones that I think I could use in our small garden. My bedtime is fixed at 7. 30 and to be honest Im just about ready for it by then. After doing my duty by eating some tea I play for a while or watch television. Im not a TV addict but cartoons I do enjoy9 and my favorite programme is Tarzan. When this is on I strip off to my underpants and really get into the part. Im fantastically brave. ) I then have a trip down a shark-infested river10 at bath time or practice swimming in the bath, but my ro om is rather restricted and Mum doesnt appreciate how far I get the water up the wall. 11 So, when the water has got fairly cold, I reluctantly agree to get out and put my pyjamas on. I dont like cleaning my teeth but I do. Mum has to read a book at bedtime it gives me a few minutes to have a last play and select my favourite toys before the light goes out. After all, even in my dreams Ive had to fight some pretty fierce tigers. Proper NamesDaniel demailprotected Tarzan t? zn Vocabulary Notes 1. than it does for pudding . 2. we made Mums the other day . 3. Oxos (. ) 4. I use my feet for brakes and propulsion. ? ? . 5. visit a friend down the lane whose brother has some super toys, which compensates for the fact that shes a girl. ? , ? , ? ? , . . Nanny (. ? ). 7. She doesnt mind how much mess goes on the floor. , . 8. she is extremely patient with my pruning efforts. ? ? . 9. but cartoons I do enjoy . 10. shark-infested . 11. Mum doesnt appreciate how far I get the water up the wall. , ? . Comprehension Check 1.Why does the child wake up first? 2. What do the brothers do after a warm-up and a chat? 3. What does the child like to wear? 4. Why does the boy enjoy his trip to Daniels school? 5. Is he fussy about his food? 6. Does the boy find his days boring? 7. How does he spend the afternoons? 8. Whom does he enjoy visiting most? Why? 9. When does the boy go to bed? 10. Is he a TV addict? 11. How does the boy entertain himself at bathtime? 12. What does he do before the light goes out? . Phonetic Text Drills 0 Exercise 1 Transcribe and pronounce correctly the words from the text.Obvious, to creep, stuffed, marrow, raw, recommendable, cereals, peppercorns, loose, cowboy, misshapen, super, propulsion, balance, to compensate, to vary, enthusiasm, gymnastics, banister, unpredictable, frustrating, treat, pruning, insect, addict, cartoon, underpants, appreciate, reluctantly, pyjama s, fierce. 0 Exercise 2 Pronounce the words or phrases where the following clusters occur. 1. plosive + plosive managed to be, creep downstairs, good place, and cold rice, look too, good game, get dressed, to take Daniel, hard to sit, bedtime, but cartoons, trip down, and put. 2. plosive + w t waking up, quick warm-up, that we added, just when, that we, it works, a rocket with bricks, patient with. 3. plosive + r brother, creep, breakfast, tried, trouble, trousers, trip, brakes, propulsion, unpredictable, try, children, treat, extremely, programme, brave, practise, agree, pretty. 4. plosive + s would stay, it seems, starts, whats, tastes, last say, its time, sit still, must seem, good source, fight some. 0 Exercise 3 Avoid false assimilation in the clusters 1. z + s hes six, has snapped, has some. 2. voiceless plosive + D that this, at the moment, noticed that, think the shops. . s/z + D miss the beginning, Mums the other day, as the trip, suppose that. 0 Exercise 4 Practise the pro nunciation of predicative structures. Its time to take Daniel to school. The ,afternoons are unpredictable. The best treat of all, though, is visiting Nanny. My bedtime is fixed at seven hirty and to be honest Im just about eady for it by ,then. Im not a TV addict but cartoons I do enjoy and my favourite programme is Tarzan. EXERCISES Exercise 1 Reproduce the sentences in which the following words and expressions are used. o wake up to vary from day to day to leave around to use the day to the full to get somebody into trouble to do everything with enthusiasm to have the last say in to be a good source of something entertainment to be relaxed the best treat to put somebody in the to be a TV addict right mood oring to strip off to be fussy about something bedtime Exercise 2 Agree or disagree with the following statements. Give your reasons. 1. The child is the last to wake up. 2. In the kitchen the boy tries a lot of things from cold mar row to raw sausages. 3. The c hilds mother has the last say in what hes going to wear. 4. The boy likes to wear smart suits. 5. He finds his trip to Daniels school boring. 6. The boy is fussy about his food. 7.The childs routine is boring and predictable. 8. He likes spending his time in the shops. 9. The child enjoys visiting Nanny. 10. He is a TV addict. 11. The child enjoys swimming in the bath. Exercise 3 I. Give the three forms of the irregular verbs from the text Creep, put, get, ride, go, give, find, read, think, slide, make, fight. II. Give the past form of the regular verbs Manage, stay, start, add, enjoy, snap, use, annoy, visit, compensate, vary, suppose, construct, practise, seem, touch, mind, collect, search, fix, watch, strip, appreciate, agree, select.Exercise 4 Fill the gaps in these sentences with the suitable words below. I. frustrating unpredictable loose smart boring relaxed fussy 1. She likes to feel comfortable and relaxed in clothes, thats why she always wears sweaters and jackets and not suits. 2. Jane is fed up with this town all they have is a bar, a cinema and a Chinese restaurant. 3. There must be nothing more than having a job you dont like. 4. You cant feel and enjoy yourself if there are exams coming. 5.Since the time she was ill, shes been about what she eats. 6. She behaves like the weather in Great Britain shes so II. to creep to strip off to vary to select to annoy to leave around 1. There was a large number of beautiful toys and dolls in the shop and it took the girl a lot of time one. 2. Someone into the house and stole jewellery. 3. She ran upstairs, her wet jeans and sweater and pulled on a dressing gown. 4. I dont want to stay in the house with these two screaming kids. They me. 5. To make kids eat, you should he menu as much as possible. 6. Please, dont your toys . I have to put them away before I can do the cleaning. Exercise 5 Find in the text words and expressions similar in meaning to the italicized ones. 1. Somehow he got involved in a boring conversation about food prices. 2. I always start my day with morning exercises and a cold shower. And, of course, I very much like a cup of hot coffee. 3. Nurses should do all they can to make their patients feel at ease. 4. The child abandoned his favourite toy a little squirrel in the grass had become better entertainment. . When I go to the countryside I like to observe insects. 6. I always go to bed at half past seven and nothing can change my habit. 7. I spent my holiday in Spain and enjoyed it fully. 8. I cant think of anything more tedious than washing and cooking for the family all day long. 9. I feel that you are doing that unwillingly. 10. My brother is always enthusiastic, no matter what he is doing playing or working. 11. We moved quietly upstairs so as not to wake the baby. 12. Morning exercises may be hard work, but they can also be great fun. 3. A meal in a restaurant came as a real pleasure after all the food at the university. 14. You are just saying t hat to irritate me. 15. In the afternoons Mother takes my sister from school. Exercise 6 Find in the text sentences containing I. synonyms and synonymous expressions for the following depressing untidiness to pick somebody up to take off the clothes physical exercises to be different II. words or phrases with the opposite meaning to get out of bed to get undressed ot much boring to stay out of trouble predictable Exercise 7 Find in the text the English equivalents of the following words and expressions. A. ? ( -) ? ? 7. 30 - . ?. ? - (? ) ? ? . Exercise 8 Express the same idea using different wording and grammar. 1. After a quick warm-up and a chat, we creep downstairs to see whats been left around from the night before. 2. I suppose the way I spend my day must seem fairly routine to some people, but I like to use it to the full. . Personally, I think the shops are best, especially the ones with toys i n. 4. Friends houses can be a good source of entertainment. 5. Im not a TV addict but cartoons I do enjoy and my favourite programme is Tarzan. 6. The best treat of all is visiting Nanny. 7. She is extremely patient with my pruning efforts. 8. When Tarzan is on I strip off to my underpants and really get into the part. 9. I then have a trip down a shark-infested river at bathtime or practise swimming in the bath, but my room is rather restricted and mum doesnt appreciate how far I get the water up the wall. 10.Mum has to read a book at bedtime, it gives me a few minutes to have a last play and select my favourite toys before the light goes out. Exercise 9 1. Draw a chart like the one below and arrange the childs activities into two columns. Enjoyable Boring II. After you have finished the chart, compare it with the rest of the class. Discuss the childs activities using the following words Interesting, creative, exciting, good fun, dangerous, boring, good exercise, relaxing, crazy, w onderful, enjoyable, terrible. Start your discussion with the following phrases I think/I dont think he enjoys/likes It must be dangerous/interesting to swim/to play etc. That sounds/does not sound like much fan/crazy etc. Id like to try myself. He doesnt mind If I had time, Id like to Exercise 10 Speak about your daily activities using the patterns given below. 1. Im not a TV addict/ardent reader, etc. but cartoons/novels, etc. I do enjoy. 2. I dont like cleaning my teeth/watching newsreels, etc. but I do. 3. I find it hard to sit still long enough/to work in the library, etc. 4. It can be a bit frustrating not being allowed to touch anything/to go to a disco, etc.Exercise 11 Speak about the childs daily routine 1. in the third person 2. in the person of his mother 3. in the person of his brother Daniel. Exercise 12 Discussion points. 1. What can you say about the boys character? Support your opinion. 2. What do you think of his mother? What is her daily routine like? 3. What ta kes up most of the boys day? 4. What activities mentioned by the boy seem to be most entertaining to you? Why? Exercise 13 I. Discuss activities we do as part of our daily/weekly routine. In five minutes write down as many things as you can think of.You should write your routines in full sentences, using adverbs of frequency. Read out your list to the class and delete anything you have written down which someone else has as well. Thus make a list of your special routines, that no one else has. Pattern I hove parties every week. II. Express your own feelings about the special routines of your fellow students. Use the expressions of likes and dislikes. Pattern I have parties every week. Well, to be honest/No, Im not too keen on arranging parties every week. Exercise 14 Tell about your daily routine when a child.Compare it with your present daily routine. Think about the following points studies, everyday activities, leisure activities, food/clothes, likes/dislikes. Use the followi ng phrases When a child, I used to , but now I I never used to I spent most of my time , but now I I was/am keen on I was/am a addict. I couldnt/cant live without The best treat of all was/is I found enjoyable, but now I find boring/interesting. Ive decided to give up But Im not going to give up Exercise 15 I.Read the following text and get ready to answer the questions. John Naylor, 24, is a successful businessman. Lets follow him through a typical day. The alarm clock goes off at 700 a. m. John jolts out of bed at the same time. The automatic coffee maker kicks on in the kitchen. He jumps in the shower, shaves, opens one of the half-dozen boxes of freshly laundered white shirts waiting on the shelf, finishes dressing, and pours a cup of coffee. He sits down to a piece of whole wheat toast while he nips through the Fleet Street Journal. It takes him about 15 minutes to wake up and get ready.His briefcase in one hand and gym bag in the other, he hops in the car, ready t o start the day. He clocks in at exactly 745 a. m. He takes a seat in front of the computer and prepares for hours of phone calls and meetings that occupy his mornings. At noon John rashes to the health club where he strips off the grey suit and changes into his T-shirt, shorts and the latest in design running shoes for tennis. In an hour he is sitting in the club dining room where he has scheduled lunch with a potential client. They discuss business over sparkling water, pasta and a cup of coffee.At 230 p. m. he is back at his office, eager for several more hours of frantic meetings and phone calls. At 600 p. m. John phones out for delivery of dinner to keep him going through the next two to three hours hell spend at his office. John gets home at 1000 p. m. just in time to sit down to a bowl of frozen yoghurt and a reran of this seasons most popular drama series before turning in. II. Make brief notes of Johns daily routine. Use these times as a guide. 700 745 230 1000 715 1200 600 900 100 III.Answer the following questions 1. What takes up most of his time? 2. What things do you dislike about his daily routine? 3. Is his daily routine always the same? 4. Is his daily routine very different from yours? How? 5. What do you think about his social life? What daily routine may his girlfriend have? 6. Is he happy? Why? 7. What problems may arise if John gets married and starts a family? Will children fit into this hectic schedule? IV. Work in groups of two. Student A You are going to interview John. Ask him questions about his daily routine, and ask anything else you like. (E. g.How he feels about his life, what he likes about his work, his future plans). Student B You are John. Answer the interviewers questions about your daily routine. When you are asked about other things, invent suitable answers. Exercise 16 Pair work Talk about your busiest day. Ask the following and more 1. Whats your busiest day? 2. What do you usually do? 3. What time do you get up? 4. Wh ere do you usually have breakfast, lunch? 5. What do you usually do after classes? 6. What time do you usually go home? 7. What do you do at the end of the day? 8. What do you do in your spare time? . What time do you usually go to bed? 10. What activities do you enjoy? Which do you dislike? Exercise 17 Imagine you can do what you like and work where you want. Plan your daily routine. When you are ready tell the class. Exercise 18 I. Carry out a survey titled How to Organise Your Day. Ask your fellow students 1. how much time they spend working, sleeping, washing and getting dressed, eating and drinking, shopping, travelling, doing housework, studying, reading, watching TV or listening to the radio, performing other leisure activities, doing nothing 2. hich activities they enjoy doing and how long they spend on them 3. which activities they do not enjoy doing and how long they spend on them 4. if there is something they dont have time to do or would like to spend more time doing 5. if there is some way they could organise their time differently and how. II. Make notes and analyse the results of the investigation. Write a short report giving the results of your survey. Use words and expressions like these None of A great many of Hardly any of Some of Very few of A large number of. Not many ofA lot of The majority of III. Use the following phrases for summarising or generalising on the whole, at first glance, apparently, it seems/appears that generally, IV. When you have finished your report, show it to the other students in the class and discuss. Exercise 19 Retell the following text in English. , ?, . , ? . ? . ? , ? . ? , , . , , ? ? ? , , . ? , , , , ? , ? , ? ? , . ? , , ? . . ? , ? . ? , , ? , ? . ? , . - , ? , ? - , ? . , , ? - , ? ? . , , , , ? ? . , ? , ? , , ? ? , , . ? ? . ? , ? ? , ? , , ? , . , ? ? . ? , ? ? . , ? ? . , ? . ? ? , ? , , ? . ? , ? - , , . ? ? , ? ? , ? , -. ? . , ? ? . ? ? , ? ? . ? ? . . - . . - ? ? . ? , , ? ? . (?. . ? ? ) Exercise 20 I. Read the list of English idioms and find their Russian equivalents in the econd list. A. To be back on track a whole good hour from time to time year in, year out on the run in the dead of night day in, day out to play the fool to twiddle ones thumbs. B. ? ? ? . II. Use the English idioms in sentences of your own speaking about your daily routine. Exercise 21 I. Match the two halves of each proverb correctly. Translate them into Russian or give their Russian equivalents.An early bird catches Jack a dull boy Time is two things at once Never put off till tomorrow a virtue Time and tide a worm Better late mone y Everyday is not what you can do today No man can do wait for no man All work and no play makes Sunday Punctuality is than never II. Make up a story to illustrate one of these proverbs. Exercise 22 Translate the quotations and comment upon them. A day is a miniature eternity. Ralph Emerson Write it on your heart that every day is the best day in the year. Ralph Emerson Three oclock is always too late or too early for anything you want to do. Jean-Paul Sartre The day is for honest men, the night for thieves. Euripides Every day, in every way, I am getting better and better. Emile Coue Exercise 23 Role-play Making a TV Programme. Setting The streets of a big modern city. Situation A television crew is making a programme about different lifestyles. The journalists stop people in the street and interview them. They ask questions about their daily routine. They try to find out what time they get up, whether they get enough sleep, what they have for breakfast/dinner/supper, whether they are fussy about food, how they get to work, whether they are late for work, what time they come back home, who does the cooking/cleaning/shopping/washing, etc. whether they are more awake in the morning or in the evening, what time they go to bed, what they do to keep fit, what they do to relax, whether they have any kind of social life, what puts them in a good mood, whether their daily routine is always the same. Characters Card III Christian and Christine, the journalists. Card IIIIV Daniel and Diana, an actor and an actress. Famous and well-known. Card V Sheppard, a university student. Not very diligent. Card VI Shirley, a model. Willing to make a career. Card VII Patricia, a school teacher. Very responsible. Card VIII Felicia, a housewife. Has a large family. Card IX Raymond, a businessman. Very busy and very rich. Card X Letitia, a waitress in a restaurant. Young and carefree. Card XI Simon, a professional driver.Works hard and long hours. WRITING Exercise 1 Lea rn the spelling of the words in bold type from Introductory Reading and exercise 1 on page 68 and be ready to write a dictation. Exercise 2 Write a short description of a) your busiest day b) your day off c) your favourite day in the form of diary notes. Follow the pattern Exercise 3 Write a composition or an essay on one of the following topics. 1. The Day Everything Went Wrong. 2. How I Organise My Time. 3. The Day Before You Came. (ABBA) 4. Never put off till tomorrow, what you can do the day after tomorrow. (O. Wilde) 5. The Day of a Person Is a Picture of This Person. Note Punctuation.In writing it is very important to observe correct punctuation marks. A full stop is put 1) at the end of sentences 2) in decimals (e. g. 3. 5 three point five). A comma separates 1) homogeneous parts of the sentence if there are more than three members (e. g. I saw a house, a garden, and a car) 2) parentheses (e. g. The story, to put it mildly, is not nice) 3) Nominative Absolute Constructions (e. g. The play over, the audience left the hall) 4) appositions (e. g. Byron, one of the greatest English poets, was born in 1788) 5) interjections (e. g. Oh, you are right ) 6) coordinate clauses joined by and, but, or, nor, for, while, whereas, etc. (e. g.The speaker was disappointed, but the audience was pleased) 7) attributive clauses in complex sentences if they are commenting (e. g. The Thames, which runs through London, is quite slow. Compare with a defining clause where no comma is needed The river that/which runs through London is quite slow) 8) adverbial clauses introduced by if, when, because, though, etc. (e. g. If it is true, we are having good luck) 9) inverted clauses (e. g. Hardly had she entered, they fired questions at her) 10) in whole numbers (e. g. 25,500 twenty five thousand five hundred). Object clauses are not separated by commas (e. g. He asked what he should do). To be continued on page 140.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Bonds

Advantages/Disadvantages Advantages of trammels Bonds as an investment instrument look at a lot of advantages to the deposit holders. Firstly, bonds be more stable than stocks. use in bonds involve lower risks comp ared to stocks. Normally, bond holders are more in all likelihood to receive the coupon tread (interest) from bond issuers. So, at that place is very slight chances that bond holders will lost out on their investment. Also, they fag end thumb relieved when they invest in the reliable investment and taking slight risk to want all their silver they invest. Besides, bonds are predictable.On the maturity date, bonds are returned to bond issuers in the form of fixed periodic interest and sensation amount of the bonds . Bond holders can know how much coupon rate (interest) , how often will receive it and when the place will be repaid (matures) when they obtain the bonds . The interest rate lendn by bonds are typically mettlesome(prenominal) than the interest rate paid by banks on saving account. Basically, bond holders receive more interest than account holders . This means bonds will give the greatest return without posing too much risk. Moreover, certain bonds can be releaseed from the income tax such(prenominal) as municipal bonds.So, the interest solve from the municipal bonds can be the investors profit without any tax on it. Investors who hold high taxes can take advantage of tax exempt bonds. Many municipal bonds are free of state taxes. Some of are withal exempt from federal taxes. This is an additional incentive to invest in bonds since lower taxes result in larger gains. Other than that, bonds do non need incessant monitoring like some investment instruments. hostile margin, the investors need to check the price, status, news from time to time and this make a tension life to them.Therefore, it is an advantage for bond holders because they no need spend their time to check the status of their bonds. Disadvantages of bon ds Investing in bonds also has it disadvantages. Bonds also take risk . If the companies and municipalities cant solve their financial difficulty and go bankrupt, the bonds will then loss value or give way worthless. This whitethorn transcend on those who buy long marge bonds which may take twelve years to mature. Investor would non know what will happen on the duration, especially for those who buy from corporate bonds. The interest rate of bond is higher han savings account but much lower than share, atomic number 79 or real estate. This is the reason why people do non invest in bonds. Also, they want to double or triple the silver they invest with good investment which can make a higher profit than bonds. The gold, share and real estate are some of the high return capital in the market, while the bonds are not constant in long term. The other disadvantage of bonds is the bond issuers may not able to pay back what they agreed or promised to. If the bonds are repaid in earl y month before the maturity date, the bond holders will loss the interest from bonds as a part of their income.The bond fund managers who were expecting keep income from those bonds may suddenly be forced to buy other bonds that dont pay as well. Besides that, long-term bonds can fall in value with fluctuating interest rates. This lowers the value of bonds and tied money of bondholders. If an investors money is tied up in some low yielding long term bonds and suddenly the interest rates of banks or other bonds go up, there is nothing much the investor can do about the situation. In such case, an investor will end up making much lesser money as he could have, if he had invested in other instruments.

Philosophical outlooks and polemics between herbert marcuse

INTRODUCTIONThe middle of XX carbon marked modern era in the western philosophy shaping of modern mass cultivation, aftersounds of the act World War, growing resister in the midst of genialistic and capitalistic regimes caused emergence of a so-called second crisis in a western social philosophy. The brightest representatives of that time philosophical double were German American philosopher Herbert Marcuse, an offspring of a well-known Frankfurt condition and native American philosopher Norman Oliver dark-brown.They represented devil various approaches in social philosophy. Being a witness of German piles contests during Nazi regime Marcuse formed his outlook as a left-wing philosopher and sociologist becoming a partisan of a Freudian-Marxist philosophy. Pessimistic perspectives of Norman chocolate-brown on the contrary determined his apocalyptical hole-and-corner(a) outlooks. These philosophical approaches of dickens brightest scientists of the last coke need to be comp ared and contrasted.MAIN DISCUSSIONDuring the 1960s the philosophical debates between H. Marcuse and N. brownish concerning interpretation of Freudian desires touchye a serious impact on the development of social philosophy. As J. Chy sieve (Chytry, 1989) believes, Norman brownnesss and Herbert Marcuses interpretations of Freud seemed to point to meaningful, and opposed, orientations for the tonic Left a new paradigm in social sciences during middle XX century. During this period of time Freud, as many scientists believe, appeared as the successor to a superannuated, but non yet surpassed, Marxist project (Zaretsky, 2002). This word of honor of Freudian ideas likewise influenced interpretations of aesthetics, culture and politics.In the middle of XX century twain Marcuse and brownness developed own vision of Freudian ideas in a general philosophical and cultural context Two books of two philosophers pen in the 1950s are captivating explorations of Freuds outlook s and the implications of psychoanalytical ideas of sexuality on pitying freedom. Herbert Marcuses Eros and finish, published first focused on the role of sexuality in forming of modern civilization and humans.The second is lifespan Against Death by Norman O. browned who developed Freudian idea of suppression and applied it to the general civilizations context. Generalizing the main ideas of two examinations its infallible to mention that both authors focused on remedial therapeutic strategies able to recuperate diseased hostel of XX century infected by revolutionary ideas, aggression, intolerance etc. Orthodox depth psychology as both chocolate-brown and Marcuse believed suggests society a principle of verity and ethics of survival. The logics of this survival they, however, see in different manners. In a word, they stood on different psychological positions concord to which society exists.The polemics between Marcuse and brown wasnt literally a virtual virtuoso. Being clam up friends they much criticized philosophical outlooks of one another afterwards. Nevertheless that both philosophers were troubled with the resembling idea to help pinched society the visions of such help were different. Marcuse believed in the primacy of progress and technique that is to replace out of time relationships between masses. Brown on the contrary believed in palliative imaginative escape from the problems. With this one should define the main doctrines of two philosophers Marcuse stood on the ideas of rationality while Brown, in his turn, looked for imaginative escape from the reality.Norman Brown believed that repressed sexuality of race appears the basal reason for their aggression. To avoid aggressiveness of multitude Brown suggests his idea of polymorphous perversity believing that each person and every part of the tree trunk are to be used in all-round sexual bend (Myers, 2004). Brown fully supports Freuds idea of unconsciousness and develops it quit e logically. He believed that psychoanalytical mechanism of suppression serves negative function for people fire their intolerance and aggression. Instead, Brown voted for transformation of subliminal ideas to rational ones.As far as Eros is the primary subliminal drive of people Brown suggests to sort an erotic sense of reality that means to realize peoples implicit sexual desires. A primary object of society, law-abiding Brown is to establish chaos or anarchy where all people are free from anger and realize their sexual ambitions. Marcuse, however, believed that freedom could be procured through with(predicate) transformation of technology writing that Freedom indeed depends largely on technical progress, on the advancement of science.To achieve this freedom Marcuse votes for the indispensableness of technological changes in accordance with the new sensible demands of the life instincts. Then, according to Marcuse, one could speak of a technology of liberation, product of a scientific imagination free to project and design the forms of a human universe without exploitation and toil (Marcuse, 1966, p. 19).The Freudian Marxist Herbert Marcuse also inspired by Freudian symbolism believed in its crucial role in social and political contexts. He believed that revolutions, anger, freedom etc. are nothing much than symbolic ideas, objectives and events that have their roots in repressed peoples sexual energy. Nevertheless, on the contrast to Brown Marcuse saw final goal of the society in establishing of Marxist society where all people ordain finally be socially equal.These ideas are closely interrelated with hike Marcuses ideas of One-dimensional men. Marcuse, along with Marxists blames free market and hidden property for all mans economic and social ills. He believes that these ills can be cured wholly by the abolition of private property. Brown in his turn believed that unity means lamb and devotedness being, hence, more close in his ideas to Chr istian and Buddhist theologies.While Brown called for establishment of a new chaotic society Marcuse developed own vision of changes. He called for the limiting of the very fundamentals of society that would be modified by the body waste of class society.Suggesting himself more rational approach to Freudian interpretation Marcuse believed that Browns ideas completely contrast with practice he recognized Browns mad monism to be powerless to bring about political and social improvement. Marcuse did not believe it possible to replace technology with some sort of mystical unity of man and temperament. He, besides, considered that Freudian ideas fail in helping of peoples adjustment to society. With this Marcuse was closer to Freud himself who was also pessimistic about achieving long-term benefits for society in general through psychoanalysis.Brown, in his turn, was looking for different psychoanalytically based solutions for peoples harmony. He believed that to reduce man to wind (a chaos) is to find a best solution to societys and peoples deepest problem, i.e. social existence. Brown believed that to achieve long-lasting social harmony people are to forget of their superiority over other animate being that, according to Freud, leads to serious mental neuroses. According to Brown, when the idea of power and control first emerged it appeared a reason for all problems. Marcuse, in his turn also supported this idea of peoples drive to the power as a strong reason for social problems and aggressions between people and nations.Marcuse, pick out for rationality in societys development strongly objected Browns belief in schizophrenia as a sane state of a person. He considered the idea that schizophrenia should be in any sense a model for normal human behaviour to be ludicrous. Contrasting Browns ideas of social escapism Marcuse believed that people could achieve social progress and harmony through reality and clear definition of existing problems. Escape from the reality, observing Marcuse, is not a solution at all instead, it provide lead to furthermore social and political problems.Critically speaking, Browns ideas dont look so Utopian. take for living without repressions Brown shows society a possible solution to achieve harmonic development. This solution lies in self-denial and abnegation of people necessary to make them more tolerable and loyal to the others. Marcuse instead believed that self-denial is not a solution at all.The only working remedy that could cure ill society and make it indeed multi-dimensional (where all people will finally achieve their individuality and will not identify themselves with the state) is revolution. The only force that could make this revolution is lumpen proletarians. Illustrating these philosophic ideas in a more free manner one could say that Brown pass judgment Hippys movement with their motto All you need is love while Marcuse on the contrary was a partisan of International and Marseillais e.Marcuse criticized Browns ideas of self-expression saying that theres no sense to to try to turn the assembly line into a scene of self-expression, or to post propaganda for culture and free thought. To achieve final self-expression of people its necessary, observing Marcuse, to change technological rationality itself, make it more people-centered and friendly.Critically observing Freudian ideas of Id, Ego and Superego Marcuse came to the conclusion that the only way to patch up people and nations is to conciliate peoples rationality and irrationality. When rationality contrasts Eros, Marcuse believed, people establish the culture that is adverse to human nature and represses people permanently. A perfect illustrations of the struggle between rationality and repressed Eros, according to Marcuse are World Wars that were the results of peoples aggression.Being a partisan of technological progress Marcuse at the resembling time appealed to the aesthetic experience as a new locus o f technological values. With this, he believed, people could finally become close with the nature and achieve peace, freedom, and fulfillment into the construction of technological rationality.CONCLUSIONSIn the middle of XX century philosophy focused on reinterpretation of Freudian psychoanalytical ideas. Herbert Marcuse and Norman Brown each developed personal vision of the issue. Reconsidering Freuds ideas of unconsciousness and snap in the problem of repression they, nevertheless, pointed out different solutions necessary to make society more harmonic and free. While Marcuse concentrated on technological breakthrough in accordance with peoples deep demands, Brown believed in complete abolishment of technology and called for anarchy in peoples relationships.REFERENCES Brown, Norman O. (1985) Life Against Death. Middleton. CN Weslayan University Press. Second Edition. 1985.Chytry, Josef (1989). The Aesthetic State A avocation in Modern German Thought Berkeley University of Calif ornia Press.Marcuse, Herbert. (1966). Eros and Civilization A Philosophical Inquiry into Freud. Beacon Press.Myers, Ellen (2004). Forerunner of New develop Madness A Critique of Norman O. Brown On-line clause retrieved July, 23 from http//www.creationism.org/csshs/v13n1p07.htmZaretsky, Eli. (2003) Norman O. Brown, 1913-2003 Radical Philosophy, Issue 118.